Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2989476960> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W2989476960 endingPage "4185" @default.
- W2989476960 startingPage "4167" @default.
- W2989476960 abstract "Trypanosoma brucei is a kinetoplastid parasite that causes African trypanosomiasis, which is fatal if left untreated. T. brucei regularly switches its major surface antigen, VSG, to evade the host immune responses. VSGs are exclusively expressed from subtelomeric expression sites (ESs) where VSG genes are flanked by upstream 70 bp repeats and downstream telomeric repeats. The telomere downstream of the active VSG is transcribed into a long-noncoding RNA (TERRA), which forms RNA:DNA hybrids (R-loops) with the telomeric DNA. At an elevated level, telomere R-loops cause more telomeric and subtelomeric double-strand breaks (DSBs) and increase VSG switching rate. In addition, stabilized R-loops are observed at the 70 bp repeats and immediately downstream of ES-linked VSGs in RNase H defective cells, which also have an increased amount of subtelomeric DSBs and more frequent VSG switching. Although subtelomere plasticity is expected to be beneficial to antigenic variation, severe defects in subtelomere integrity and stability increase cell lethality. Therefore, regulation of the telomere and 70 bp repeat R-loop levels is important for the balance between antigenic variation and cell fitness in T. brucei. In addition, the high level of the active ES transcription favors accumulation of R-loops at the telomere and 70 bp repeats, providing an intrinsic mechanism for local DSB formation, which is a strong inducer of VSG switching." @default.
- W2989476960 created "2019-11-22" @default.
- W2989476960 creator A5001731925 @default.
- W2989476960 creator A5004241278 @default.
- W2989476960 creator A5041633393 @default.
- W2989476960 date "2020-07-01" @default.
- W2989476960 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2989476960 title "Telomere and Subtelomere R-loops and Antigenic Variation in Trypanosomes" @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1492929429 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1493102094 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1503113774 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1553644198 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1557728494 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1576894338 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1604906367 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1607686109 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1622924446 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1653978584 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1881895296 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1888591398 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1899376386 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1923771466 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1939736088 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1950877609 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1963773259 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1964680558 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1965856680 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1966107128 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1966804474 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1967706132 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1968421165 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1968789240 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1970966311 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1972011626 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1972595563 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1975993845 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1976736675 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1977871027 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1978737769 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1980608545 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1983289953 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1985021359 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1985235581 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1989540449 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1990478758 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1993322071 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1994256332 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1995809373 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1996038123 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1996558420 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1997919779 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1998706983 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1999325162 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W1999617465 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2001262363 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2001677411 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2003178411 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2004438438 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2004648009 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2004831113 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2005083925 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2005885972 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2009743738 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2010866575 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2013078522 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2014619760 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2014876899 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2015315658 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2018041615 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2018253056 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2021682508 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2021823155 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2021881561 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2025245461 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2025866993 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2026834239 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2027916326 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2028664714 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2028930260 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2031081673 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2031816743 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2034383160 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2035389897 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2035931727 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2036880391 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2037845691 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2037850046 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2037996774 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2038735956 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2041583048 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2042409563 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2043970825 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2044138508 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2044375974 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2049376070 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2051057409 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2057605589 @default.
- W2989476960 cites W2058519967 @default.