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• W2989887566 abstract "Stereospondyls were the most diverse clade of early tetrapods, spanning 190 millionyears, with over 250 species belonging to eight taxonomic groups. They had a range ofmorphotypes and have been found on every continent. Stereospondyl phylogeny is widelycontested and repeatedly examined but despite these studies, we are still left with thequestion, why were they so successful and why did they die out? A group-wide analysisof functional morphology, informing us about their palaeobiology, was lacking for thisgroup and was carried out in order to address the questions of their success and demise.Based on an original photograph collection, size independent skull morphometrics wereused, in conjunction with analyses of the fossil record and comparative anatomy, toprovide a synthesis of the functional morphology of stereospondyl amphibians.Stereospondyls originated in the Carboniferous and most taxonomic groups were extinctat the end of the Triassic. The early Triassic had exceptionally high numbers of shortlived genera, in habitats that were mostly arid but apparently experienced occasionalmonsoon rains. Genera turnover slowed and diversity was stable in the Middle Triassic,then declined with a series of extinctions of the Late Triassic. Stereospondyls showed thepattern of ‘disaster’ taxa: rapidly diversifying following a mass extinction, spreading to aglobal distribution, although this high diversity was relatively short-lived.Geometric morphometrics on characteristics of the skull and palate was carried out toassess general skull morphology and identified the orbital position and skull outline to bethe largest sources of skull variation. Comparing anatomy of stereospondyls with extantspecies revealed that the differences in head shape and orbit positions betweenstereospondyls allows inference of a range of feeding behaviours, ranging from rapid headswipes, to crushing invertebrates with wide palatal bones, and crocodilian-typeambushing. The range of feeding modalities meant stereospondyl species were able tocoexist with minimal competition. The success was, however, short lived, as highlyspecialised shapes in the middle and Late Triassic probably meant that stereospondylswere not able to adapt to a more generalised lifestyle when the end Triassic extinctioneliminated ecosystems." @default.
• W2989887566 created "2019-12-05" @default.
• W2989887566 creator A5049072489 @default.
• W2989887566 date "2018-07-01" @default.
• W2989887566 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2989887566 title "Functional Morphology of Stereospondyl Amphibian Skulls" @default.
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