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- W2991018905 abstract "Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children are associated with development of pyelonephritis and renal scarring. Traditionally, continuous antibiotic prophylaxis (CAP) has been used to prevent recurrent UTI. Recent studies have challenged the efficacy of CAP for preventing renal scarring and have raised concerns about inducing bacterial resistance. This review focuses on studies published between January 2000 and April 2019 and evaluates the use of CAP in children for avoiding recurrent UTIs and renal scarring. A systematic literature search was carried out using the following search terms and related medical subject headings in the MEDLINE electronic database: âurinary tract infectionâ, âantimicrobial/antibiotic prophylaxisâ, and âchildren/pediatricsâ. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs), original research articles, guidelines, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses describing antibiotic prophylaxis for UTIs were included. A total of 34 RCTs, 9 systematic reviews, and 3 guidelines describing antibiotic prophylaxis were included in this review. The efficacy of CAP for preventing recurrent UTI remains unclear due to non-generalizability of results obtained from suboptimally designed clinical trials. CAP has not been proven as beneficial for preventing new renal scarring in children. Additionally, CAP is associated with increased risk of multidrug resistant infections in children. No conclusive evidence can be drawn from the available clinical data to support routine use of CAP for prevention of renal scarring. Accumulation of evidence from additional well designed studies may result in different conclusions in the future. It is important to identify specific risks for recurrent UTI and ensuing renal injury to ensure more judicious use of CAP. Keywords: Anti-bacterial agents, Antibiotic prophylaxis, Child, Pediatrics, Urinary tract infections" @default.
- W2991018905 created "2019-12-05" @default.
- W2991018905 creator A5035876763 @default.
- W2991018905 creator A5043523431 @default.
- W2991018905 date "2019-12-31" @default.
- W2991018905 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2991018905 title "Current status of long-term antibiotic prophylaxis for urinary tract infections in children: An antibiotic stewardship challenge" @default.
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- W2991018905 doi "https://doi.org/10.23876/j.krcp.19.091" @default.
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