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- W2991569756 abstract "Background/Aim: Lead is among the more common occupational exposures, and considered a probable carcinogen by IARC (brain, lung, and stomach). Methods: We conducted internal analyses and external analyses of mortality in three cohorts of lead-exposed workers with blood lead data (US, Finland, United Kingdom), with 88,000 workers and 14,000 deaths. Our exposure metric was maximum blood lead (BL). To try to validate our use of short-term BL as an exposure metric, we measured tibial bone lead (a surrogate for cumulative exposure) on 115 workers in the US cohort. Results: The combined cohort had a median BL of 26 ug/dl, a mean first year BL test of 1990, and a mean of 4 BL tests. Significant (p<0.05) positive trends in internal analyses, using the log of each worker’s maximum BL, were found for lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), stroke, and heart disease, while borderline significant trends (0.05<=p<=0.10) were found for bladder, brain, and larynx cancer. In external comparisons we found significantly elevated (p<0.05) standardized mortality ratios for those with BLs >40 ug/dl), for bladder, lung, and larynx cancer, and COPD . In our subsample, bone lead was positively correlated with past BL, after adjusting for education and age (p=0.003); this relationship was driven by high bone lead among those with BL over 40 ug/dl (p=0.004). Smoking pack-years did not correlate with BL (Spearman, r=0.01). Conclusions: We found positive mortality trends, with increasing BL, for several outcomes. Many of these outcomes are associated with smoking. Data from a small sub-sample of US subjects did not provide any evidence for potential confounding by smoking. Bone lead results indicated that our BL exposure metric was associated with cumulative exposure to lead, for those with BL levels over 40 ug/dl." @default.
- W2991569756 created "2019-12-05" @default.
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- W2991569756 date "2018-02-01" @default.
- W2991569756 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
- W2991569756 title "A Cohort Mortality Study of Lead-Exposed Workers in the US, Finland, and the United Kingdom" @default.
- W2991569756 doi "https://doi.org/10.1289/isee.2017.2017-148" @default.
- W2991569756 hasPublicationYear "2018" @default.
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