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• W2992623719 abstract "The aim of the thesis was to investigate the mapping of the anatomofunctional organization of the human sensorimotor system and how volutional movements of human are produced and controlled. Neuroimaging and especially DTI, fine anatomo-functional observation in patient and direct electrical stimulation were considered. This multi-modal approach permitted to improve our understanding of sensorimotor organization in humans. In the first study, we showed that awake brain surgery with the use of direct electrical stimulation is a safe and efficient procedure in children in order to decrease post-operative neurological deficit. It improves the accuracy of detecting eloquent area, with a good tolerance from a neuropsychological and psychological aspect. Age-adapted neuropsychologic preparation may enable offering ABS even to younger children on an individual basis. In a second series of two studies, we showed that the dorso-posterior part of the parietal cortex is a key structure in the complex organization of movement in human with a S1-DPPr-M1 loop. In the first study, direct electrical stimulation of focal cortical site in the dorso-posterior part of the parietal cortex triggered inhibition of movement production and blocked ongoing movement without producing muscle contraction or conscious movement sensation. In the second study, we aimed to find a direct projection from the PRR, defined in the first study (Desmurget et al., 2018), to the primary motor cortex and the primary somatosensory cortex. Thanks to the DTI state-of-the-art tractography, we succeeded in finding such major ipsilateral streamlines projecting in the well-known hand knob region giving new insights of the white matter structures involved in the inhibition of volitional hand movements. These observations confirm clinical per-operative data showing that stimulating the counterpart of PRR in humans can disrupt hand movements ipsilaterally, irrespective of the hemisphere. Moreover, our results shed light on the implication of the PRR for the volitional hand sensorimotor operating behavior. In the last study, we investigate the impact of early cerebellar damage on long-term functional recovery in 3 groups of posterior fossa survivors, comparable with respect to their tumoural characteristics but operated at different ages: young (≤ 7 years), middle (> 7 years and ≤ 13 years) and old (> 13 years). Daily (Health-related Quality of Life -hrQol-, Performance Status -PS-), motor (International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale -ICARS-, Pegboard Purdue Test -PegBoard-) and cognitive (Full Scale Intelligence Quotient -FSIQ-) functioning were measured. Early age at surgery, lesion of deep cerebellar nuclei and post-operative radiotherapy had a significant, independent negative influence on long term recovery. These results support the existence of an early critical period of development during which the cerebellar learning machine is of critical importance" @default.
• W2992623719 created "2019-12-13" @default.
• W2992623719 creator A5043484448 @default.
• W2992623719 date "2019-11-04" @default.
• W2992623719 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2992623719 title "Mapping the anatomo-functional organization of human sensorimotor system : a multi-modal approach" @default.
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