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• W2992812236 abstract "Fried, Lisbeth S. Ezra and Law in History and Tradition. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2014. 248 pages. Hardcover, $59.95. Biblical scholar Lisbeth S. Fried's Ezra and Law in History and Tradition is only latest volume in series Studies on Personalities of Old Testament edited by James L. Crenshaw, but it is culmination of Fried's career studying Ezra-Nehemiah. It is a sweeping study of historical and biblical figures of Ezra and traditions that spun out of biblical picture of Ezra into later Jewish, Christian, and Islamic traditions. Doing historiography by centering on great persons has to a large extent fallen from favor. However, some great figures, both historical and legendary, cast such long shadows that they deserve individual study. Ezra is one of these. Fried does a masterful job in doing so. She is an original thinker and plows new ground in study of historical Ezra as well as legendary Ezra that developed in biblical and post-biblical traditions. Not everyone will agree with some of her hypotheses about historical Ezra, but she marshals strong evidence for some of her more controversial proposals. I believe that much of her theoretical work will stand test of time. As to historical Ezra-as distinct from biblical picture of Ezra-Fried posits several novel ideas. The scholarly consensus is that Ezra brought Torah to returnees to Persian province of Yehud and Jerusalem at behest of Persian king. Fried demurs. She marshals strong evidence that entire concept of written law was absent in Persian period and only arose during Hellenistic period and was anachronistically written into story of Ezra's work in Yehud. She proposes, rather, that Ezra was an agent of Persian king, his ear or episcopos and also charged with appointing judges as officials on behalf of king. Fried also has a novel, yet plausible, interpretation of forced divorces of of Yehud from people of land. She posits, with most of her scholarly peers, that Ezra-Nehemiah was written in Hellenistic period. She compares similar Greek laws banning marriage with non-citizens to those in Ezra-Nehemiah and proposes that divorces had nothing to do with biblical commands not to marry outside Israel but had more to do with preventing marriage-and, hence, alliances-between local families and Persian officialdom. Such policies kept machinery of empire from becoming bogged down in marriage alliances with local prominent colonial families. Moving on from Ezra-Nehemiah, Fried discusses ongoing traditions about Ezra in 1st Esdras and then 4th, 5th, and 6th Ezra. There is a great deal of confusion in naming and numberings of various books entitled Ezra/Nehemiah/Esdras in extant texts (the Hebrew Bible, Greek Septuagint, Latin Vulgate, and other translations) and Fried includes a very helpful chart of various books and their names in various texts. 1rst, or Greek, Esdras, by most scholars' opinions a later rewrite of parts of 2nd Chronicles, Ezra, and Nehemiah, is, as Fried describes it here and in other writings, the law triumphant. …" @default.
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• W2992812236 title "Ezra & the Law in History & Tradition by Lisbeth Fried" @default.
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