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- W2993350186 abstract "[ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] For the United States, two key questions persistently dominate and determine our public and private decisions. First, how do we create and maintain an effective marriage between religious values and Enlightenment ideals? (1) Second, how do we preserve liberty, to include religious liberty? At first glance, it appears that the culture the United States and the West more broadly separates religion and politics than the culture of nations the Middle East that appear more prone to conflate religion and politics. In our estimation, such conventional narratives are shortsighted. More importantly, they are harmful for military leaders an era which religious overtones increasingly define strategic interactions. This article provides a broad context for military leaders to understand the complicated relationship between religion and politics, both domestically and internationally. We first discuss the contemporary scene and the evidence of a resurgence of religion as a force domestic and international politics. With these contemporary relationships as the backdrop, we examine America's own often fitful journey of balancing the City of Man and the City of God to provide a lens to examine the challenges presented the new international order. (2) The interaction of religious organizations and the military the dispensation of humanitarian relief, many ways a relatively new phenomenon, is one of the contemporary challenges that we argue demands a framework for incorporating religious considerations foreign policy. We suggest that understanding the political history of religion as an integral shaper of America's domestic and foreign policy will better equip military leaders with a set of principles to approach the challenges of religious extremism strategic and campaign planning. The Contemporary Scene: Religion and State since the End of the Cold War The current struggle between the so-called Christian West and Muslim East can trace its roots to Moriah, a mountain range considered to be the land inhabited by Abraham, the father of the monotheistic tradition Christianity, Judaism, and Islam. At Moriah, God reputedly commanded Abraham to offer his son as a sacrifice. Abraham was willing to do so up until the point that God provided an animal for the sacrifice as a substitute for Isaac or Ishmael, depending on the religious tradition through which you read the story. Abraham's devotion to God's commands is held as an example each tradition of the blessings bestowed upon Abraham and his descendants because of his unflinching obedience to God. While the Christian and Muslim worlds can point to Moriah as a common scriptural foundation for monotheism, the two religions markedly diverged their approach to politics the seventeenth century. The Treaty of Westphalia of 1648 ended thirty years of bloody religious wars Europe by defining the principles of sovereignty and equality for the system of states Europe. (3) With the recognition of state sovereignty over domestic affairs came the principle of nonintervention the internal affairs of a sovereign state by other states. In contrast, as Christian Europe celebrated a peace that promised to separate religious authority from political, there was no concomitant Westphalian moment for Islam to separate God's law from political institutions. (4) Surveying the current geopolitical landscape, evidence suggests the sovereignty of the nation-state is jeopardy as we are confronted with dramatic changes that have occurred religion-state relations. The most significant challenge to the order is the competition between norms of state sovereignty and claims of justification for intervention sovereign states on behalf of reputed international norms of human rights and self-determination. For example, numerous interventions under the auspices of a United Nations mandate in the politics of broken, war-torn, malnourished, and dictatorial states signal a radical departure from the construct that gave primacy to the state for ordering and regulating its own domestic affairs. …" @default.
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- W2993350186 date "2015-03-01" @default.
- W2993350186 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2993350186 title "Force and Faith in the American Experience" @default.
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