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• W2994190877 abstract "Carbon-deficient red giants (CDRGs) are a rare class of peculiar red giants, also called weak G-band or weak CH stars. Their atmospheric compositions show depleted carbon, a low isotopic ratio, and an overabundance of nitrogen, indicating that the material at the surface has undergone CN-cycle hydrogen burning. I present Strömgren uvby photometry of nearly all known CDRGs. Barium stars, having an enhanced carbon abundance, exhibit the Bond–Neff effect—a broad depression in their energy distributions at ∼4000 Å, recently confirmed to be due to the CH molecule. This gives Ba ii stars unusually low Strömgren c1 photometric indices. I show that CDRGs, lacking CH absorption, exhibit an anti-Bond–Neff effect—higher c1 indices than normal red giants. Using precise parallaxes from Gaia DR2, I plot CDRGs in the color–magnitude diagram (CMD) and compare them with theoretical evolution tracks. Most CDRGs lie in a fairly tight clump in the CMD, indicating initial masses in the range ∼2–, if they have evolved as single stars. It is unclear whether they are stars that have just reached the base of the red-giant branch and the first dredge-up of CN-processed material, or are more highly evolved helium-burning stars in the red-giant clump. About 10% of CDRGs have higher masses of ∼4–, and exhibit unusually high rotational velocities. I show that CDRGs lie at systematically larger distances from the Galactic plane than normal giants, possibly indicating a role of binary mass transfer and mergers. CDRGs continue to present a major puzzle for our understanding of stellar evolution." @default.
• W2994190877 created "2019-12-13" @default.
• W2994190877 creator A5013047385 @default.
• W2994190877 date "2019-12-05" @default.
• W2994190877 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
• W2994190877 title "Carbon-deficient Red Giants" @default.
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• W2994190877 doi "https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab4e13" @default.
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