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• W2994264497 abstract "For more than thirty years I have had a working relationship with many leaders and movements for liberation in Africa. Looking back, it is impossible not to try to assess the liberation struggle, and ask a somewhat cynical question: Was it worth it? If one is honest, this question cannot be answered simply, but it needs to be faced. I recall a sobering talk I had in 1983 with a Zimbabwean I had known for many years. As a ZAPU leader he had lived under trying circumstances in exile in Lusaka after the banning of ZAPU in 1962. At the time of our conversation, at his home on his small farm not too far outside Bulawayo, he was an MP from a constituency in Matabeleland. He was discouraged. The drought was at its height, making his farm less than productive. The ZANU-ZAPU coalition government had fallen apart. Joshua Nkomo, the party leader, was in voluntary exile in London, fearing possible arrest in Zimbabwe. Renegades, some of them former ZAPU guerrillas, were wreaking havoc in rural Matabeleland, and the government's Fifth Brigade was taking excessive counter action. My friend turned to me at one point and said plaintively: 'Is this what we fought for? On this same visit to Zimbabwe, I also had hours of discussion with Garfield Todd. After serving as Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia for five years in the 1950s, he had been turned out of office by the white electorate as too liberal. During the liberation war, he was arrested by Ian Smith, spent some months in prison and then was placed under house arrest. He had been close to Nkomo and was deeply disappointed by the breakup of the Patriotic Front coalition government. His farm, too, was severely affected by the drought. When I asked for his assessment of the way things were going in Zimbabwe, he responded slowly and pensively: You've got to take the long Then he did just that, ending with a positive statement of faith in the future. I liked Todd's response, and would like to take the long view myself. I am not unfamiliar with the sad realities of Africa today, now almost fully independent, yet with the lowest per capita income, the highest infant mortality rate, and the fastest growing population in the world, with two-thirds of the people still illiterate. Most African countries are now importers of food when under colonial domination many had a high degree of self-sufficiency. The continent is burdened by huge national debts far above the value of exports. The ecological system is declining with the advance of the Sahara. Political" @default.
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• W2994264497 date "1987-01-01" @default.
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• W2994264497 title "Assessing Africa's Liberation Struggle" @default.
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