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- W2994777964 abstract "We study the cosmological constant ($mathrm{ensuremath{Lambda}}$) in the standard $mathrm{ensuremath{Lambda}}$ cold dark matter model by introducing the graduated dark energy (gDE) characterized by a minimal dynamical deviation from the null inertial mass density of the $mathrm{ensuremath{Lambda}}$ in the form ${ensuremath{rho}}_{text{inert}}ensuremath{propto}{ensuremath{rho}}^{ensuremath{lambda}}<0$ with $ensuremath{lambda}<1$ being a ratio of two odd integers, for which its energy density $ensuremath{rho}$ dynamically takes negative values in the finite past. For large negative values of $ensuremath{lambda}$, it creates a phenomenological model described by a smooth function that approximately describes the $mathrm{ensuremath{Lambda}}$ spontaneously switching sign in the late Universe to become positive today. We confront the model with the latest combined observational datasets of $mathrm{Planck}+mathrm{baryon}text{ }mathrm{acoustic}text{ }mathrm{oscillations}+mathrm{supernova}+H$. It is striking that the data predict bimodal posterior probability distributions for the parameters of the model along with large negative $ensuremath{lambda}$ values; the new maximum significantly excludes the $mathrm{ensuremath{Lambda}}$, and the old maximum contains the $mathrm{ensuremath{Lambda}}$. The improvement in the goodness of fit for the $mathrm{ensuremath{Lambda}}$ reaches highly significant levels, $mathrm{ensuremath{Delta}}{ensuremath{chi}}_{mathrm{min}}^{2}=6.4$, for the new maxima, while it remains at insignificant levels, $mathrm{ensuremath{Delta}}{ensuremath{chi}}_{mathrm{min}}^{2}ensuremath{lesssim}0.02$, for the old maxima. We show that, in contrast to the old maxima, which do not distinguish from the $mathrm{ensuremath{Lambda}}$, the new maxima agree with the model-independent ${H}_{0}$ measurements, high-precision $mathrm{Ly}text{ensuremath{-}}ensuremath{alpha}$ data, and model-independent $Om{h}^{2}$ diagnostic estimates. Our results provide strong hints of a spontaneous sign switch in the cosmological constant and lead us to conjecture that the Universe has transitioned from anti-de Sitter vacua to de Sitter vacua, at a redshift $zensuremath{approx}2.32$, and triggered the late-time acceleration, and suggests looking for such mechanisms in string theory constructions." @default.
- W2994777964 created "2019-12-26" @default.
- W2994777964 creator A5004352585 @default.
- W2994777964 creator A5035769834 @default.
- W2994777964 creator A5038303597 @default.
- W2994777964 creator A5057995490 @default.
- W2994777964 date "2020-03-25" @default.
- W2994777964 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2994777964 title "Graduated dark energy: Observational hints of a spontaneous sign switch in the cosmological constant" @default.
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