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- W2994922835 abstract "Pediculosis, a worldwide infestation seen in all age groups, poses a significant health concern in the paediatric age group. Pediculosis is caused by blood-sucking, wingless insects of the order Phthiraptera. Humans are infested with three common types: pediculosis capitis caused by Pediculosis humanus var. capitis; pediculosis corporis caused by Pediculosis humanus var. humanus; and pediculosis pubis caused by Phthirus pubis. Pediculosis capitis is seen more commonly in children, especially in those of school age. Pediculosis capitis manifests as pruritus, excoriation, papules, scaling, haemorrhagic crusts, an eczematous reaction, pyoderma, matted hair (plica polonica) and secondary lymphadenopathy. Pediculosis corporis and pediculosis pubis are rarely seen in children. Diagnosis of pediculosis is mainly clinical, but usually confirmed by the presence of nits firmly attached to scalp hairs. The synthetic pyrethroid permethrin is the first line of treatment in pediculosis. There is emerging resistance to various topical treatments, but the true prevalence is not known. Screening and treatment of all close contacts is necessary for successful treatment of pediculosis. The prevalence of cimicosis (bedbug infestations) has been increasing, particularly in developing countries. Bedbugs are obligate blood parasites. Among them, Cimex lectularius (common bedbug) and Cimex hemipterus (tropical bedbug) feed on humans. Bedbugs hide in cracks and crevices of furniture during the day and feed at night. Bedbug infestation is highly prevalent in homeless shelters and school hostels. The exact prevalence of bedbug infestation in children is not known. Infestation is clinically manifest as macules, papules, vesicles, bullae, wheals or targetoid lesions either in clusters or in a linear pattern distributed on the face, trunk and extremities. Diagnosis is based on history and the classic appearance of the bite reaction. Bedbug bites are usually self-limiting. Counselling parents, removing infested furniture and judicious use of insecticides form the mainstay of management." @default.
- W2994922835 created "2019-12-26" @default.
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- W2994922835 date "2019-11-20" @default.
- W2994922835 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W2994922835 title "Pediculosis and Cimicosis" @default.
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- W2994922835 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119142812.ch60" @default.
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