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• W2995616992 abstract "Abstract. A simulation of the surface climate of Vatnajökull ice cap, Iceland, made with the Regional Climate Model HIRHAM5 for the period 1980–2014, is used to estimate the evolution of the glacier mass balance. A new snow albedo parametrization is used for the simulation that describes the albedo with an exponential decay with time and is surface temperature dependant. The albedo scheme utilizes a new background map of the ice albedo created from observed MODIS data. The simulation is evaluated against observed daily values of weather parameters from five Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs) from 2001–2014, as well as in situ mass balance measurements from 1994–2014. The model simulates the observed parameters well at the station sites, albeit with a general underestimation of the net radiation. This is due to an underestimation of the incoming radiation and a general overestimation of the albedo. The average modelled albedo is overestimated in the ablation zone, which we attribute to an overestimation of the thickness of the snow layer and not taking dirt and volcanic ash deposition during dust storms and volcanic eruptions into account. A comparison with the specific summer, winter, and net mass balance for all of Vatnajökull from 1994–2014 shows a good overall fit during the summer, with the model underestimating the balance by only 0.04 m w.eq. on average, but a too large winter balance due to an overestimation of the precipitation at the highest areas of the ice cap. The average overestimation of the winter balance is 0.5 m w.eq., but a simple correction of the accumulation at the highest points of the glacier reduces this to 0.15 m w.eq. The model captures the evolution of the specific mass balance well, for example capturing a shift in the balance in the mid-1990s, which gives us confidence in the results for the entire model run. The model is therefore used to provide an estimate of the evolution of the specific surface mass balance of Vatnajökull from 1981, and we show the importance of bare glacier ice albedo to modelled mass balance and that processes not currently accounted for in RCMs, such as dust storms, are an important source of uncertainty in estimates of snow melt rate." @default.
• W2995616992 created "2019-12-26" @default.
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• W2995616992 date "2017-02-24" @default.
• W2995616992 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W2995616992 title "The importance of accurate glacier albedo for estimates of surface mass balance on Vatnajökull: Evaluating the surface energy budget in a Regional Climate Model with automatic weather station observations" @default.
• W2995616992 doi "https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2017-14" @default.
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