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- W299696324 abstract "The application of ceramics in industry has for a long time been limited due to their lack of toughness. Over the last twenty years a great deal of effort has been made to understand the mechanisms whereby the strength of ceramics may be maintained while the fracture toughness is enhanced. Considerable progress has been made in achieving these goals. Two types of toughening approaches have been utilised; intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic mechanisms, those which increase the lattice resistance to crack propagation within a single phase material, have been of very limited success. Extrinsic mechanisms on the other hand, whereby the passage of a crack is significantly influenced by the material's microstructure, have been very effective at increasing the fracture toughness. The extrinsic approach operates predominantly through crack tip shielding mechanisms such as zone and contact shielding. Four distinct types of crack tip shielding mechanism have emerged as those predominantly used to toughen ceramics; these can be classified as crack deflection, crack bridging, microcracking and transformation toughening. In general it is recognised that more than one system is operating at any time. This paper describes the salient features of each of these mechanisms and outlines some of the ceramic microstructures and composites which have evolved in an effort to maximise benefits from the various toughening mechanisms." @default.
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- W299696324 date "1994-01-01" @default.
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- W299696324 title "TOUGHENING MECHANISMS FOR CERAMICS" @default.
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- W299696324 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4832-8382-1.50173-7" @default.
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