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• W2999889443 startingPage "213175" @default.
• W2999889443 abstract "• Structures of gold/protein adducts formed when Au compounds react with proteins are summarized. • Structures of gold/protein adducts reported in the PDB are analyzed. • The effect of Au binding on the protein structure is discussed. • Au binding sites are described. • Main features of the structures of the Au/protein adducts are highlighted. Gold compounds have emerged as a novel class of metallodrugs with a promising future in medicinal inorganic chemistry. Despite gold compounds have been intensively investigated for the treatment of many diseases, their mechanism of action is not fully understood at the molecular level. However, the recognition process by proteins is accepted as a key feature for the biological activity of these molecules. This review presents the research performed during the last decade(s) concerning the structural studies on the products of the reactions between gold-based drugs and proteins. A comparative analysis of the structural features of the known gold/protein adducts suggests that several binding mechanisms are possible. It emerges that gold(III) compounds break down before or upon protein binding and that Au(III) reduces to Au(I) during this process. In agreement with the hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) theory, Au(I) centers prefer thiolates of free Cys side chains; sulfur atoms of Met are less frequently observed, while N atoms of the side chains of His, Lys, Arg and Gln and O atoms of Glu and Asp are also possible Au binding sites. Au can bridge two protein residue side chains (Cys/Cys, Cys/His, Cys/Asp, Cys/Asn, His/His, His/Lys, His/Gln); Au…π interactions can also be formed. The formation of gold/protein adducts does not alter the overall folding of the investigated proteins, but it can modify the active site conformation, inhibiting the enzymatic activity. The process of gold metalation of proteins is selective." @default.
• W2999889443 created "2020-01-23" @default.
• W2999889443 creator A5022869847 @default.
• W2999889443 creator A5055343051 @default.
• W2999889443 date "2020-03-01" @default.
• W2999889443 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2999889443 title "Gold metalation of proteins: Structural studies" @default.
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