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• W3000597877 abstract "Groundwater recharge in alluvial river floodplains is a complex process driven by variation in river water levels, overbank flooding, rainfall over the floodplain and subsequent evapotranspiration. In many floodplains, floods are strongly correlated with local rainfall which makes it difficult to quantify groundwater recharge resulting from floods only. This paper investigates the groundwater response characteristics to overbank flooding and rainfall in different synthetic river-aquifer settings. Sets of coupled MIKE SHE/MIKE11 models are developed using 54 years (1960-2013) of river data (water level and discharge) and climatic data (rainfall and evapotranspiration) from the Loddon River, Australia, containing at least 20 overbank floods along a 5 km wide river floodplain. Results from four different sets of models are compared to compute overbank flood recharge. They are: 1) models with time series of rain and river level data (M1 model), 2) models with time series of river level data but no rain (M2 model), 3) models with time series of rain and river level data (modified for within bank floods only) (M3 model) and, 4) models with data of rain and base flow in the river (M4 model). While the relationship between different overbank flood recharge processes is nonlinear to some degree, in estimating the overbank recharge contribution, we assume linearity. Three different forms of floodplain recharge are lateral recharge from the channel, vertical recharge from the inundated floodplain and rainfall recharge. The results show that the greatest groundwater recharge occurs in strongly connected river-aquifer zones and is controlled by lateral flow from river stage rather than vertical infiltration from rainfall or overbank flow. Omitting rainfall from the model (in the presence of evapotranspiration) results in lower overall water table conditions. Without rain, the model is also not effective in capturing the spatial variations of overbank flood recharge. In the synthetic river-aquifer systems considered, the key parameters influencing overbank flood recharge are aquifer saturated hydraulic conductivity, floodplain slope, and floodplain permeability. Larger groundwater fluctuations occur in more conductive aquifers as they can transmit groundwater faster and are capable of accepting rapid recharge during flood events, but because of greater transmissivity value, fluctuations quickly dissipate, hence the amount of total recharge by flood sources (lateral + vertical) is lower. Floodplain slope is important in this work as it controls the inundated area of overbank flood events, with high recharge occurring up to the distance to which the floodplain is inundated. A flat model (with slope=0) is found as the most effective river-aquifer setting for allowing the greatest amount of recharge in any form (both lateral recharge and vertical recharge). Floodplain soil clogging also plays an important role for overbank flood recharge by controlling the infiltration rate through the clogged layer. A more conductive floodplain allows the flooded water to infiltrate quickly throughout the clogging layer, leading to greater amounts of recharge, even from short duration floods. The duration of inundation from large floods is important in determining the amount of recharge in heavily clogged floodplain. The findings from this research work are currently being used to develop time series models to separate flood recharge from rainfall recharge in alluvial valley settings." @default.
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• W3000597877 date "2015-11-29" @default.
• W3000597877 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
• W3000597877 title "A synthetic study to characterize alluvial groundwater responses to overbank flood recharge" @default.
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• W3000597877 doi "https://doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2015.l7.womera" @default.
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