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- W3002252904 abstract "L’infection par le VIH reste un problème majeur de santé publique en France et dans le monde. La survenue de cancer est fréquente chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH (PVVIH) et représente la première cause de mortalité dans cette population en France. Certains cancers non classant SIDA sont beaucoup plus fréquents chez les PVVIH, comme le carcinome anal, la maladie de Hodgkin, le carcinome hépatocellulaire et le cancer bronchique. Le risque de cancer chez les PVVIH dépendant de nombreux facteurs, le contrôle virologique, la prévention de l’exposition aux virus oncogènes et aux toxiques sont très importants, tout comme la mise en place de programmes de dépistage spécifiques. Les interactions médicamenteuses entre antirétroviraux et traitements antinéoplasiques pouvant entraîner un sur-risque de toxicité ou une perte d’efficacité sont particulièrement à surveiller chez les PVVIH. Du fait d’un risque théorique accru de toxicité et de manque d’efficacité, les PVVIH ont été exclues des grandes études sur les inhibiteurs des checkpoints immunitaires (ICPi). Cependant, les données majoritairement rétrospectives sur l’utilisation des ICPi chez les PVVIH sont rassurantes avec un profil de toxicité et d’efficacité antitumorale similaire à celui observé en population générale. Quant à l’effet des ICPi dans une stratégie du « shock and kill » anti-VIH les tout premiers résultats disponibles dans la littérature semblent décevants malgré des résultats obtenus in vitro très encourageants. La complexité de prise en charge oncologique de cette population aux nombreux comorbidités nécessite une collaboration pluridisciplinaire étroite, le réseau national CANCERVIH prend tout son sens dans ce contexte. The HIV infection remains a serious public health concern in France and around the world. Cancers are frequent among people living with HIV (PLWH) and have become the leading cause of mortality among this population in France. Certain non-AIDS-defining cancers are much more common among PLWH, such as anal carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer. The incidence of cancer among PLWH depending on various factors, virological control under combined antiretrovial therapies (cART), exposure prevention to oncogenic virus and toxics are of utmost importance, such as the implementation of specific screening programmes. Drug interactions between cART and oncologic treatments can lead to serious adverse effects or to a reduction in the therapeutic effects, therefore they require a close monitoring. The PLWH have been excluded from the oncologic clinical trials assessing the efficacy and toxicity profile of the immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICPi) because of an increased theoretical risk of inducing adverse events and a feared lack of efficacy in the immunocompromised population. However, the mostly retrospective clinical data reporting the use of ICPi among PLWH are somewhat reassuring with a safety and efficacy profile similar to what observed in HIV-negative patients. Regarding the “shock and kill” anti-HIV effects of ICPi, the preliminary clinical data available are still modest and relatively disappointing despite encouraging results obtained in vitro. HIV-associated cancers represent a particular care challenge due to the multiple comorbidities in the population and the high risk of drug interactions, thus the CANCERVIH national network is of particular interest within this context." @default.
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- W3002252904 date "2020-01-01" @default.
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- W3002252904 title "VIH et cancer : mise au point en 2020" @default.
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- W3002252904 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.01.001" @default.
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