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- W3006554620 abstract "Photorhabdus luminescens are gram-negative bacteria of thefamily Morganellaceae, which live symbiotically in the gut ofentomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. Thesebacteria are nonpathogenic to nematodes, but they are lethalpathogen of insect. When the nematodes penetrate into theinsect body through the digestive system or by disrupting thecuticule, they begin to consciously release bacteria into thehaemocoel and together cause its death by producing toxins andother substances inhibiting host immunity. Bacteria alsoproduce enzymes, which break down the insect host body;subsequently both of them can receive nutrients for theirproliferation in the insect cadaver. In order to complete thiscycle, the bacteria then enter the nematode juveniles as theydevelop. Nematodes are not only bound to the host, but can alsolive in a humid soil. P. luminescens forms two phases which aregenetically identical, but morphologically different. Cells ofPhase I are known as the pathogenic ones which are associatedwith infective juveniles. They absorb dye from agar media,produce pigments, antibiotic substances, toxins, lipase,protease or lectins and they are also bioluminescent. Phase IIcells lose most of these abilities. They could not produce manysubstances and do not show any light emission. However, theyalso product pigments but not as strongly as Phase I cells. Wecan distinguish these phases on special agar medium - MacConkeyand NBTA agar. Phase I absorb crystal violet from MacConkeyagar and cells are deeply red here. Cells of Phase II areusually very pale or pink here because they could not absorbany dye. Similarly, on NBTA agar Phase I cells could absorbbromothymol blue, thus it appears blue or green and Phase IIcells are characterized by red color. To verify the phase wemeasured the plates in a luminometer. Also growth of thesebacteria was measured in a luminometer and the level of emittedlight increased with the optical density." @default.
- W3006554620 created "2020-02-24" @default.
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- W3006554620 date "2019-01-01" @default.
- W3006554620 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W3006554620 title "Characteristics and growth of Photorhabdus luminescens, thebacteria associated with entomopathogenic nematodes" @default.
- W3006554620 hasPublicationYear "2019" @default.
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