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- W3008615160 abstract "This is one of the last sentences in the highly controversial and disruptivebook Swimming with Sharks1 (2015) by the Dutch anthropologistand investigative journalist Joris Luyendijk. If nothing else, it characterizesthe current state of the public debate about the issue of moralityin the global banking sector. Consensus has been reached about whatexactly happened during the 2008 financial crisis and its aftermath.2There is less agreement, however, on who should be blamed for thedestructive events. According to a commonly held view among bankers,it seems as if everyone had a part to play in the build-up of the events– not just bankers but also politicians, financial regulators and evenordinary citizens. Bankers may be portrayed as scapegoats but since weall kept dancing while the music was playing3, at least some leniency ispermitted.Luyendijk partly endorses this argument when he claims the stigmatizationof bankers as ‘greedy bastards’ is misguided. Instead of targetingbankers as morally corrupt individuals, one should look at the systemof banking as a whole. He argues the banking sector is subject to influencesfrom an amoral system, in which bankers internalize behaviorthat does not include any moral considerations. In a world of zero jobsecurity, for instance, bankers tend to lose empathy for their colleaguesand clients. Knowing this, it becomes clear how the sale of high-risk,complex financial products like subprime mortgages was perceived tobe permissible.Yet, the existence of an amoral system is only one way of lookingat the lack of morality in the banking sector. In this essay, I claim thatthe lack of morality can additionally be explained by way of dysfunctionalconscience on an individual level. Dysfunctional conscience canroughly be defined as lacking the ability to reflect on one’s own behaviorand judge whether it is morally permissible or not. A key aspectof a dysfunctional conscience is low moral self-awareness. Low moralself-awareness implies a high degree of moral disengagement, whichshould be perceived as a psychological mechanism that results in a person’sdisengagement with his or her moral considerations. Applyingthis mechanism of moral disengagement to the practices described byLuyendijk (2015), I will argue that bankers are prone to exhibit poormoral self-awareness. This in turn indicates the conscience of individualbankers to be dysfunctional as moral self-awareness is indispensableto a well-functioning conscience.4 Thus, besides systemic amoral factors,the lack of morality in the banking sector can also be explainedby individual dysfunctional conscience. Admittedly, both explanationsinteract and overlap to some degree, but it is nevertheless useful for theparticipants in the debate – and especially policy makers involved in thereform of the financial sector – to identify both systemic and individualcauses of amorality." @default.
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- W3008615160 date "2016-12-01" @default.
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- W3008615160 title "Amorality and Banking" @default.
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