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• W301027754 abstract "A THEORY OF THE TRIAL. By Robert Burns. Princeton University Press, 1999. I. A Theory of the Trial is a superb and quite challenging book.1 Much of the jury data dealt with by Robert Burns is by now commonplace. What Burns does with that data in A Theory of the Trial, however, is quite atypical. If the reader were to approach this book as simply another treatment, from a different point of view, of the standard issues concerning jury trials, it is quite likely that much of what Burns does would appear perplexing. Thus, a statement of Burns's unusual issues and a description of his atypical approach to them as well as some reasons why they make sense seems apposite. But much more is at stake in this Review than trying to do justice to the special character of Burns's book taken alone. Indeed, I argue that if what A Theory of the Trial attempts to do is plausible, it warrants much more work by many hands and minds to supplement and extend its basic project. However, prompting such scholarly enterprises will not be easy because various analytical habits and expectations would need to be modified, and scholarly energies would need to be rethought and redirected. What follows is a very bare summary of A Theory of the Trial, followed by a sketch of the genre of inquiry that it inhabits and a survey of possible objections to its arguments. II. Burns begins by explaining what he calls the of the trial and of what the judicial system expects of jurors.2 This view is basically that jurors apply generalized law to the restricted data provided during the trial, while also determining the credibility of the data. Burns raises several objections to this view. For instance, Burns contends that jurors are in fact expected to engage with more than just perceptual data and are allowed to apply a wide range of norms irreducible to the law.3 Burns then addresses the sequence of actions in a trial-the all-important determination of the basic issues to be decided at trial and the criteria involved in the selection of those issues, which then inform and control opening statements, direct and cross-examinations, and closing statements.4 He then argues that all of these actions are constrained by various ethical and evidentiary rules, including client autonomy and the need for materiality and relevancy of evidence.5 Burns next provides some concrete sustained examples of these sequential actions and constraints by presenting and commenting on the opening statements in one case, the relevant portions of which are presented in the text. In chapter five, Burns clarifies the similarities and differences between the received view and the practices he features and demonstrates how data compiled from various studies can be interpreted from each description of trial practice as relevant to the actions of jurors. The final three chapters attempt to provide more generalized descriptions of, and vocabularies for talking about, what Burns presents in chapters two through five. In chapter six the focus is on the power and organizing capacity of narrative, the fact of competing narratives, and the multiple generic sources of plausibility and choice in each stage of the trial. In chapter seven, Burns explicitly features the presence of multiple and overlapping languages (spheres) and the ways in which we may or may not, given that fact, talk more generally about the many and subtle operations of the practical intelligence of American juries. Burns provides a final statement in chapter eight of why the multiple and overlapping spheres and the attendant need for practical intelligence of the kind described are, at least at times, important given the way we live now. III Through even my bare summary of the book, one can begin to appreciate the manner in which Burns offers a careful and cumulative progression that bends back on itself and becomes, especially in the last three chapters, a more generic reflection on the actions of jurors as well as a more explicit articulation of the types of situations to which his claims are primarily directed. …" @default.
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• W301027754 date "2001-04-01" @default.
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• W301027754 title "Realizing the Practical Intelligence of American Juries" @default.
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