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- W3011491402 abstract "Diabetes and its related complications represent an urgent public health problem. Both genetics and environmental factors contribute to the the etiology of diabetes and the determination of diabetic microvascular complications. The large-scale Diabetes Control and Complications Trial-Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT-EDIC) and United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) epidemiological studies, correlating poor glycemic control to the development of vascular injuries and complications in type 1 (DCCT-EDIC) and type 2 (UKPDS) diabetes, revealed that early exposure to hyperglycemia contribute to the later development of diabetic complications even after proper glycemic control has been attained. This phenomenon, referred as glycemic/metabolic memory,” hints at the possibility that some “memory” effect could be at play, supporting the possibility that long-lasting epigenetic phenomena are key contributors. While the concept of glycemic memory was proposed >30 years ago, the underlying epigenetic mechanisms are currently still under investigation. Epigenetic modifications arising following exposure to early hyperglycemia may explain the persistence of early hyperglycemic damage and the later development of microvascular complications. In addition to epigenetic modifications taking place on chromatin (cytosine methylation and histone post-translational modifications), alterations of microRNA expression also contribute to hyperglycemic damage. Here, we present epidemiological evidence and experimental studies supporting the existence of epigenetic-based phenomena during the development of diabetic microvascular complications. In addition, we discuss activating and repressive epigenetic marks and their relationship to metabolic memory. Finally, we survey other epigenetic-based mechanisms, including DNA methylation and micro RNA-dependent transcriptional control, which may participate in the establishment microvascular diabetic complications." @default.
- W3011491402 created "2020-03-23" @default.
- W3011491402 creator A5089194899 @default.
- W3011491402 date "2020-03-13" @default.
- W3011491402 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
- W3011491402 title "Epigenetics of Diabetic Microvascular Disease" @default.
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- W3011491402 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119309642.ch4" @default.
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