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• W3012446725 abstract "Punishment imposes suffering; we must acknowledge this and ‘should be profoundly uneasy about state-administered punishment in general and should therefore approach it with caution and restraint’ (p.169). This book is about punishment that entails supervision of offenders in the community, probation, parole, or community service being the best-known examples. In Chapter 1 the author explains what it means when punishment pervades, namely – what some of our criminological ancestors have foreseen – that community sanctions are becoming expansive and penetrating forms of deviance control, even if initially perceived as constructive, beneficial, and avoiding the harms of imprisonment. The analysis is located mainly in the Anglophone jurisdictions with a particular focus on Scotland, informed by comparative work that the author has done in a pan-European research network on offender supervision. McNeill interestingly indicates very early where the following chapters are heading for – the conclusion that offender supervision needs to be restrained, ‘urging parsimony in its use, proportionality in its demands and productiveness in its design’ (p.14). Before he arrives there, the book offers a wealth of insights on penal change more generally, seen through the lens of offender supervision instead of imprisonment, or ‘mass supervision’ (p.46) instead of mass imprisonment. Chapters 2 and 3 take into account the important reference works on the sociology of punishment as well as the necessary data and empirical resources available to prove the scale and social distribution of offender supervision in Europe and the USA. Chapter 4 is about ‘legitimating supervision’, starting from philosophical and normative justifications, but going beyond them and looking at legitimacy, acceptance, and support by those actually involved. After this sensible analysis, McNeill turns to what is, arguably, at least as important to him and for the subject matter: in Chapter 5 he explores the experience of supervision and the pain inflicted, suggesting that ‘the penal state's processes and agents hurt penal subjects in significant ways but also that these pains can be moderated by helpful and legitimate supervision’ (pp.130–1). Chapter 6 takes a step back and questions how we – scholars, practitioners, and the public – come to our understandings, how we are seeing and not seeing mass supervision (p.141), and how persistent our perceptions are unless we challenge them. In the last chapter ‘Supervision: unleashed or restrained’, the author offers two possible futures for supervision. By elaborating on the ‘three P's: parsimony, proportionality and productiveness’ (p.169) mentioned above, he shows that a reductionist approach is crucial and penal moderation, making god use of offender supervision, is possible. All this would make Pervasive Punishment a good book already, but it has much more to offer as it takes up the challenge mentioned and leaves the conventional ways of academic writing by adding four more layers to it. The first one is part of the analysis, but deserves to be emphasised: in a comparative approach, McNeill not only takes into account facts and figures from other countries but embraces insights from different traditions and cultures, proving his claim to engage in dialogue and understanding, not debate and winning the argument (pp.153–4). The more obvious second layer is ‘The Invisible Collar’, a short story that develops parallel to the chapters. We follow a supervisee, a probation officer, and a probation manager through different stages of the supervision process, sit with them in an office, the supervisee's flat, or in front of a computer screen, and feel their anxieties, tiredness, or aspirations. This is not only a good read; it reduces the pace of the scholarly account and helps us digest it. It offers lovely details such as black coffee that Pauline, the probation officer, has to drink because ‘no one in the office brought milk anymore’ (p.18). It is equally convincing in its scary parts, namely the dystopian ending of the short story in which supervision is digitalised and dehumanised. The third layer is visual and uses material from the Supervisible Project (Fitzgibbon, Graebsch and McNeill 2017) and the Picturing Probation Project (Carr et al. 2015). Photographs taken by supervised and supervising persons make the reader a viewer and contemplator. Finally, there is music, and we enjoy song lyrics written by supervised people and listen to an EP called ‘System Hold’ (available at: https://www.pervasivepunishment.com/system-hold-ep/ (accessed 21 January 2020)). The concept of the song-writing approach is explained by McNeill and his musical collaborator, Jo Collinson Scott (or Jo Mango) in the appendix of the book. Of course, questions remain: How about those offenders who are not the archetype for classic probation work (the socially marginalised but generally amenable guy gone astray) but offenders stemming from the white-collar crime spectrum or offenders who so far never had a chance to be part of the community because they are immigrants without knowledge of the culture and language? In addition, the decision-making judicial practitioners are strangely absent from the analysis, although they are crucial for penal moderation. Finally, the difficulty of dealing with the proportionality criterion remains – what is the threshold of penal intervention, when is supervision ‘deserved’, when are penal pains ‘necessary’ (p.168)? This should not be understood as negative criticism, even a book as comprehensive and thoughtfully constructed as this one – or perhaps particularly such a stimulating contribution – is bound to provoke more questions. It is to hope that further contributions follow the path shown here. For the time being, if somebody told me that s/he wants to read only one book about offender supervision ever, I would recommend Pervasive Punishment: it is comprehensive and dense, but short; it is complex, but not complicated; it is critical, but not blind to the necessities of practice and politics; and, most importantly, it puts the human being into the centre of it all." @default.
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• W3012446725 title "Pervasive Punishment: Making Sense of Mass Supervision F. McNeill. Bingley: Emerald (2019) 264pp. £24.99pb ISBN 978‐178756‐466‐4" @default.
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