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- W3015322485 endingPage "75" @default.
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- W3015322485 abstract "Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare and life-threatening pharmacogenetic disorder triggered by volatile anesthetics, the depolarizing muscle relaxant succinylcholine, and rarely by strenuous exercise or environmental heat. The exact prevalence of MH is unknown, and it varies from 1:16 000 in Denmark to 1:100 000 in New York State. The underlying mechanism of MH is excessive calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), leading to uncontrolled skeletal muscle hyper-metabolism. Genetic mutations in ryanodine receptor type 1 (<i>RYR1</i>) and <i>CACNA1S</i> have been identified in approximately 50% to 86% and 1% of MH-susceptible (MHS) individuals, respectively. Classic clinical symptoms of MH include hypercarbia, sinus tachycardia, masseter spasm, hyperthermia, acidosis, muscle rigidity, hyperkalemia, myoglobinuria, and <i>etc.</i> There are two types of testing for MH: a genetic test and a contracture test. Contracture testing is still being considered as the gold standard for MH diagnosis. Dantrolene is the only available drug approved for the treatment of MH through suppressing the calcium release from SR. Since clinical symptoms of MH are highly variable, it can be difficult to establish a diagnosis of MH. Nevertheless, prompt diagnosis and treatments are crucial to avoid a fatal outcome. Therefore, it is very important for anesthesiologists to raise awareness and understand the characteristics of MH. This review summarizes epidemiology, clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatments of MH and any new developments." @default.
- W3015322485 created "2020-04-17" @default.
- W3015322485 creator A5001730991 @default.
- W3015322485 creator A5008889815 @default.
- W3015322485 creator A5049553295 @default.
- W3015322485 creator A5057287134 @default.
- W3015322485 creator A5090359512 @default.
- W3015322485 date "2020-01-01" @default.
- W3015322485 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W3015322485 title "The current status of malignant hyperthermia" @default.
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