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• W3016008604 endingPage "578" @default.
• W3016008604 startingPage "563" @default.
• W3016008604 abstract "Background Hydroxychloroquine is associated with myriad adverse dermatologic effects, most of which are poorly characterized by the literature, with unknown frequencies and risk factors. Objective To conduct a systematic review of the adverse dermatologic effects and predisposing factors of hydroxychloroquine toxicity. Results The review included 94 articles comprising 689 dermatologic adverse effects. A total of 21 unique dermatologic reactions were reported, most commonly drug eruption or rash (358 cases), cutaneous hyperpigmentation (116), pruritus (62), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (27), Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis (26), hair loss (12), and stomatitis (11). Almost all underlying conditions were rheumatologic or autoimmune in nature, composed primarily of lupus erythematous (72% of all cases) and rheumatoid arthritis (14%). The range of reported mean cumulative dosages was wide, with some adverse reactions found after as little as 3 g or as much as 2500 g. Limitations Dermatologic adverse events and primary diagnoses related to the use of hydroxychloroquine may be under-reported as only case reports and clinical trials that reported at least 1 dermatologic adverse effect were included. Conclusion Although hydroxychloroquine is generally well tolerated, dermatologic adverse effects involving the skin, hair, or nails are a frequent and significant complication. Most of these reactions occurred after treatment of autoimmune conditions, often manifesting on the skin after a wide range of cumulative dosages. Hydroxychloroquine is associated with myriad adverse dermatologic effects, most of which are poorly characterized by the literature, with unknown frequencies and risk factors. To conduct a systematic review of the adverse dermatologic effects and predisposing factors of hydroxychloroquine toxicity. The review included 94 articles comprising 689 dermatologic adverse effects. A total of 21 unique dermatologic reactions were reported, most commonly drug eruption or rash (358 cases), cutaneous hyperpigmentation (116), pruritus (62), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (27), Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis (26), hair loss (12), and stomatitis (11). Almost all underlying conditions were rheumatologic or autoimmune in nature, composed primarily of lupus erythematous (72% of all cases) and rheumatoid arthritis (14%). The range of reported mean cumulative dosages was wide, with some adverse reactions found after as little as 3 g or as much as 2500 g. Dermatologic adverse events and primary diagnoses related to the use of hydroxychloroquine may be under-reported as only case reports and clinical trials that reported at least 1 dermatologic adverse effect were included. Although hydroxychloroquine is generally well tolerated, dermatologic adverse effects involving the skin, hair, or nails are a frequent and significant complication. Most of these reactions occurred after treatment of autoimmune conditions, often manifesting on the skin after a wide range of cumulative dosages." @default.
• W3016008604 created "2020-04-17" @default.
• W3016008604 creator A5020027481 @default.
• W3016008604 creator A5046389452 @default.
• W3016008604 creator A5056035453 @default.
• W3016008604 date "2020-08-01" @default.
• W3016008604 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
• W3016008604 title "Characterizing the adverse dermatologic effects of hydroxychloroquine: A systematic review" @default.
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