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- W3017257079 abstract "Quantum bits can be isolated to perform useful information-theoretic tasks, even though physical systems are fundamentally described by very high-dimensional operator algebras. This is because qubits can be consistently embedded into higher-dimensional Hilbert spaces. A similar embedding of classical probability distributions into quantum theory enables the emergence of classical physics via decoherence. Here, we ask which other probabilistic models can similarly be embedded into finite-dimensional quantum theory. We show that the embeddable models are exactly those that correspond to the Euclidean special Jordan algebras: quantum theory over the reals, the complex numbers, or the quaternions, and spin factors (qubits with more than three degrees of freedom), and direct sums thereof. Among those, only classical and standard quantum theory with superselection rules can arise from a physical decoherence map. Our results have significant consequences for some experimental tests of quantum theory, by clarifying how they could (or could not) falsify it. Furthermore, they imply that all unrestricted non-classical models must be contextual." @default.
- W3017257079 created "2020-04-24" @default.
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- W3017257079 date "2020-04-13" @default.
- W3017257079 modified "2023-10-01" @default.
- W3017257079 title "Characterization of the probabilistic models that can be embedded in quantum theory" @default.
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