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• W3018736660 abstract "To address plastic pollution in the marine environment, policy interventions needto be focused upstream, at the point of production. Extended producer responsibility(EPR) is a promising upstream strategy to address plastic marine debris, as it shifts theresponsibility for waste management of a product or its packaging from localgovernments to producers. This provides incentives to producers to prevent waste frombeing generated in the first place (i.e. source reduction), and reduces material going tolandfill or leaking into the environment by funding, creating or expanding infrastructurefor post-consumer recycling. However, EPR programs are not currently designed tomeasure this effect of marine plastic pollution prevention. At first glance, citizen sciencedata appears to be a good option to evaluate EPR, since there are a several types ofmonitoring programs in operation with various pre-existing data sets that track somepackaging items. Yet, this information has never been used for this purpose before. Thisresearch focuses on British Columbia (BC), the first and only coastal jurisdiction in NorthAmerica to implement an 100% industry-funded EPR program for packaging and printedpaper (PPP) material in 2014. Packaging materials, including food wrappers, plastic andglass drink bottles, bottle caps, plastic grocery bags and plastic lids, all featured in the topten most frequently found items during marine litter surveys. There are also eightorganizations actively conducting citizen science shoreline monitoring activity in BC,making it an ideal candidate for analysing the potential of citizen science data. Thisresearch uses both quantitative and qualitative methods. Using various mixed-effect andlinear models to analyze pre-existing citizen science data sets, generated withstandardized data collection frameworks, demonstrated that there has been no decrease in packaging debris levels on shorelines after the introduction of EPR in 2014. However,qualitative analysis demonstrated that the characteristics of the citizen science data,structure of the EPR policy in BC and nature of plastic marine debris limit the ability touse the data for this particular purpose. Additionally, citizen science organizations aremigrating away from standardized data collection frameworks in order to developsystems that are customized to the specific needs in their community, thereby furtherlimiting data sets that may be used for analysis of EPR. Many of these organizations arechoosing to adapt their data collection approaches to align with municipal wastemanagement options available to them. This has led to the creation of a diversepatchwork of information across the province. As a result of this study, it is clear that forupstream policy interventions, such as EPR, to determine if it is affecting packagingpollution levels downstream on shorelines, it needs to develop and implement its ownbenchmarking and monitoring program, tailored to address its specific requirements ofdata resolution." @default.
• W3018736660 created "2020-05-01" @default.
• W3018736660 creator A5034854657 @default.
• W3018736660 date "2019-10-01" @default.
• W3018736660 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W3018736660 title "Aligning citizen science and extended producer responsibility policy for marine plastic reduction" @default.
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