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- W3021115906 abstract "Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the pathophysiology of osteoporosis and the potential roles of local and systemic factors in its development. Osteoporosis is a reduction in bone mass and a change in microarchitecture, which increases the susceptibility to fractures. The bone loss is brought about by an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation, coupled with processes that occur continuously throughout the skeleton to carry out its functions. Osteoclastic bone resorption releases calcium, phosphate, and other ions from bone for homeostasis and initiates the structural remodeling, which adapts skeletal architecture to mechanical loads. Bone resorption can also alter the bone marrow space in response to hemopoietic needs. As a consequence, the balance between bone resorption and bone formation can be influenced by many factors, which could therefore cause, or contribute to osteoporosis. Polymorphism in the genes of type I collagen, interleukin-1 (IL-1), and the receptors for estrogen, vitamin D, and IGF1 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Most conditions that lead to osteoporosis, including estrogen deficiency, hyperparathyroidism, and hyperthyroidism, are associated with increased osteoclastic bone resorption. Multiple genes are likely to determine the level of these, and other resorption stimuli, excessive response to such stimuli, and/or inappropriate “coupling” between resorption and formation. In most of the osteoporoses, there is increased bone resorption, resulting from the combined effects of increased osteoclast “tonus” caused by sex steroid deficiency, with the potential contribution of secondary hyperparathyroidism due to inadequate calcium intake and vitamin D deficiency." @default.
- W3021115906 created "2020-05-13" @default.
- W3021115906 creator A5013126573 @default.
- W3021115906 creator A5021203339 @default.
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- W3021115906 date "2002-01-01" @default.
- W3021115906 modified "2023-10-05" @default.
- W3021115906 title "Pathophysiology of Osteoporosis" @default.
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