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• W3021619272 abstract "Abstract Background Prion diseases and prion-like disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, are characterized by gliosis and accumulation of misfolded aggregated host proteins. Ablating microglia in prion-infected brain by treatment with the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) inhibitor, PLX5622, increased accumulation of misfolded prion protein and decreased survival time. Methods To better understand the role of glia during neurodegeneration, we used RNA-seq technology, network analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis to compare gene expression in brains of prion-infected versus mock-inoculated mice. Comparisons were also made between PLX5622-treated prion-infected mice and untreated prion-infected mice to assess mechanisms involved in disease acceleration in the absence of microglia. Results RNA-seq and network analysis suggested that microglia responded to prion infection through activation of integrin CD11c/18 and did not adopt the expression signature associated with other neurodegenerative disease models. Instead, microglia acquired an alternative molecular signature late in the disease process. Furthermore, astrocytes expressed a signature pattern of genes which appeared to be specific for prion diseases. Comparisons were also made with prion-infected mice treated with PLX5622 to assess the impact of microglia ablation on astrocyte gene expression during prion infection. In the presence of microglia, a unique mix of transcripts associated with A1- and A2-reactive astrocytes was increased in brains of prion-infected mice. After ablation of microglia, this reactive astrocyte expression pattern was enhanced. Thus, after prion infection, microglia appeared to decrease the overall A1/A2-astrocyte responses which might contribute to increased survival after infection. Conclusions RNA-seq analysis indicated dysregulation of over 300 biological processes within the CNS during prion disease. Distinctive microglia- and astrocyte-associated expression signatures were identified during prion infection. Furthermore, astrogliosis and the unique astrocyte-associated expression signature were independent of microglial influences. Astrogliosis and the unique astrocyte-associated gene expression pattern were increased when microglia were ablated. Our findings emphasize the potential existence of alternative pathways for activating the A1/A2 paradigm in astrocytes during neurodegenerative disease." @default.
• W3021619272 created "2020-05-13" @default.
• W3021619272 creator A5002448265 @default.
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• W3021619272 creator A5057277849 @default.
• W3021619272 creator A5074195524 @default.
• W3021619272 creator A5077796683 @default.
• W3021619272 date "2020-05-07" @default.
• W3021619272 modified "2023-10-05" @default.
• W3021619272 title "RNA-seq and network analysis reveal unique glial gene expression signatures during prion infection" @default.
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• W3021619272 doi "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-020-00610-8" @default.
• W3021619272 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7206698" @default.
• W3021619272 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32381108" @default.

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