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- W3021899013 abstract "Chlorine is consumed by the organic chemicals industry in large amount—25% is used to produce ethylene dichloride; 15% for pulp and paper mills; while 5% of the total is used in water treatment. All of these applications have environmental implications that led to demands from activist groups that the production of chlorine derivatives be reduced. While these concerns are being taken seriously in all quarters, and some chlorinated products have already been banned, the fact is that chlorine-based technologies make, and will continue to make, important positive contributions to human health and prosperity. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are widely used as refrigeration fluids, intermediates, and solvents for fluorocarbon production, cleaning fluids, aerosol propellants, and plastic foam blowing agents, and are the major factors in causing destruction of the stratospheric ozone layer. Many chlorine-containing synthetic pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, TCDD, and some chlorinated hydrocarbons are known to disrupt the endocrine systems of animals, including humans. These are prohibited, but they linger in the environment and interfere with the reproductive cycles of animals, particularly those higher up in the food chain, notably birds of prey and salmonid fish. It is observed that these molecules can mimic natural hormones. The chapter concludes that adding unnecessary toxins to the environment should be avoided, but the total ban advocated by some on the use of chlorine and chlorinated compounds is neither necessary nor acceptable. Because chlorine derivatives are important as intermediates in the chemical industry and there are numerous chlorine-containing pharmaceuticals for which no substitutes are presently available." @default.
- W3021899013 created "2020-05-13" @default.
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- W3021899013 date "1997-01-01" @default.
- W3021899013 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W3021899013 title "The Halogens" @default.
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- W3021899013 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012678550-0/50012-3" @default.
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