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- W3022274486 abstract "This chapter discusses the various aspects of spinal vascular malformations. Vascular malformations of the spinal cord are a heterogeneous group of anomalies ranging from simple, dural arteriovenous fistulae to complex arteriovenous malformations that may involve the spinal cord parenchyma as well as adjacent spinal and extraspinal structures. Most spinal vascular malformations can be classified into one of four types that differ significantly in etiology, anatomy, pathophysiology, radiological appearance, and treatment. Type I spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) have two or more arterial feeders that enter at separate segmental levels. In this situation, the additional segmental dural branches travel within the dura to the fistula nidus where they converge to communicate with the efferent vein. Type II spinal cord AVMs are also referred to as glomus malformations and consist of intramedullary vascular malformations that have a true compact nidus within the parenchyma of the spinal cord. Type I spinal AVMs are believed to be acquired lesions although the mechanism for their development is not understood. These malformations cause symptoms primarily though venous hypertension. The surgical treatment of these lesions is very straightforward and outcome is most dependent on the patient's condition at the time of diagnosis. The availability of magnetic resonance imaging has made the diagnosis much simpler but high quality spinal angiography is still necessary to establish the diagnosis, classify the lesion, and plan appropriate treatment, whether it is endovascular, surgical, or a combination." @default.
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- W3022274486 date "1997-01-01" @default.
- W3022274486 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W3022274486 title "Spinal Vascular Malformations" @default.
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- W3022274486 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012743170-3.50141-2" @default.
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