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• W3022302571 abstract "Associative theories assume a simple ordinal mapping between the strength of anassociation between a conditioned stimulus (CS) and an unconditioned stimulus (US)and conditioned behaviour in an experimental preparation. Recent studies that havetaken multiple measures of conditioned behaviour challenge this assumption. The pur-pose of this thesis is a better understanding of the nature of these individual differencesin Pavlovian conditioning, combining empirical evidence with theoretical development.It has been observed that simple auto-shaping procedures result in marked individualdifferences: some rats show learning by interacting with the sign (sign-trackers, STs),others by interacting with the food-well or the goal (goal-trackers, GTs). In Chapter2, I examined the sensitivity of these two behaviours (sign-tracking and goal-tracking)to changing contingencies. In both STs and GTs, US-oriented behaviour was moresensitive to contingency changes than CS-oriented behaviour. Most attempts to ex-plain this dissociation have appealed to a dual-mechanisms approach. In Chapter 3, Ipresent a new theoretical model, HeiDI, which integrates learning and performance froma single-process perspective. In Chapter 4, I examine two of these predictions. The firstprediction relates to how the US-value affects the distribution of conditioned behaviour.According to HeiDI, a higher US-value will result in higher levels of goal-tracking incontrast with lower US value. Experiment 3 suggested that that a higher US-valueresults in more CS-oriented behaviour, however this was not replicated in Experiment4. The second prediction concerns an analysis of the feature positive effect, where thediscrimination emerges more readily for a feature positive design. HeiDI predicts thata feature positive effect should be more evident in CS-oriented behaviour. Experiments4 and 5 addressed this prediction, however the animals did not show learning in thefeature negative design. The implications of the new findings and the new model arediscussed in Chapter 5." @default.
• W3022302571 created "2020-05-13" @default.
• W3022302571 creator A5014721940 @default.
• W3022302571 date "2019-11-01" @default.
• W3022302571 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W3022302571 title "Pavlovian conditioning: How excitation and inhibition determine ideomotion" @default.
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