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• W3022882017 endingPage "165821" @default.
• W3022882017 startingPage "165821" @default.
• W3022882017 abstract "The hippocampus is a brain structure known to play a central role in cognitive function (namely learning and memory) as well as mood regulation and affective behaviors due in part to its ability to undergo structural and functional changes in response to intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli. While structural changes are achieved through modulation of hippocampal neurogenesis as well as alterations in dendritic morphology and spine remodeling, functional (i.e., synaptic) changes can be noted through the strengthening (i.e., long-term potentiation) or weakening (i.e., long-term depression) of the synapses. While age, hormone homeostasis, and levels of physical activity are some of the factors known to module these forms of hippocampal plasticity, the exact mechanisms through which these factors interact with each other at a given moment in time are not completely understood. It is well known that hormonal levels vary throughout the lifespan of an individual and it is also known that physical exercise can impact hormonal homeostasis. Thus, it is reasonable to speculate that hormone modulation might be one of the various mechanisms through which physical exercise differently impacts hippocampal plasticity throughout distinct periods of an individual's life. The present review summarizes the potential relationship between physical exercise and different types of hormones (namely sex, metabolic, and stress hormones) and how this relationship may mediate the effects of physical activity during three distinct life periods, adolescence, adulthood, and senescence. Overall, the vast majority of studies support a beneficial role of exercise in maintaining hippocampal hormonal levels and consequently, hippocampal plasticity, cognition, and mood regulation. • Exercise modulates systemic and local levels of stress, sex, and metabolic hormones. • Exercise-induced hormonal changes modulate hippocampal neuroplasticity. • Hormonal systems change dramatically throughout the lifespan. • Exercise benefits hormonal balance and neuroplasticity throughout the lifespan. • By regulating hormonal homeostasis, exercise prevents age-related cognitive decline." @default.
• W3022882017 created "2020-05-13" @default.
• W3022882017 creator A5001412483 @default.
• W3022882017 creator A5007027911 @default.
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• W3022882017 creator A5026880360 @default.
• W3022882017 creator A5074131420 @default.
• W3022882017 creator A5082684369 @default.
• W3022882017 date "2020-08-01" @default.
• W3022882017 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W3022882017 title "Interplay between hormones and exercise on hippocampal plasticity across the lifespan" @default.
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