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- W3023938064 abstract "Publisher SummaryThis chapter is devoted to the basic principles of chain polymerizations in which the active centers are free radicals. Free-radical polymerization is the most widely used process for polymer synthesis. It is much less sensitive to the effects of adventitious impurities than ionic chain-growth reactions. Free-radical polymerizations are usually much faster than those in step-growth syntheses, which use different monomers in any case. A monomer must have functionality greater than or equal to 2 in order for polymers to be produced from its reactions. This functionality can be derived from opening of a double bond, opening of a ring, or co-reactive functional groups. The most important functional groups that participate in chain-growth polymerizations are the carbon-carbon double bond in alkenes and the carbon-oxygen double bond in aldehydes and ketones. Chain-growth polymerizations are so called because their mechanisms comprise chains of kinetic events. For successful polymerization, the sequence of reactions must first be initiated by some agent, and monomers must be added consecutively to a growing macromolecule. This chain of events may then be terminated by a reaction that is inherent in the system or by the action of impurities. When a free-radical polymerization is first started, the number of radicals in the system will increase from zero as the initiator begins to decompose according to reaction. The frequency of termination reactions will also increase from zero in the early stages of the polymerization because the rates of these reactions, and are proportional to the square of the total concentration of radicals in the system." @default.
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- W3023938064 date "1999-01-01" @default.
- W3023938064 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W3023938064 title "Free-Radical Polymerization" @default.
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- W3023938064 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-012601685-7/50006-9" @default.
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