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• W3024239448 startingPage "461707" @default.
• W3024239448 abstract "The geochemical energy that drove the transition from geochemistry to biochemistry on early Earth remains unknown. Here, we show that the reduction of sulfurous species, such as thiosulfate, sulfite, elemental sulfur, and sulfate, coupled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Sammox), could have provided the primordial redox equivalents and proton potential for prebiotic proto-anabolic networks consisting of the reductive acetyl-CoA pathway combined with the incomplete reductive tricarboxylic acid (rTCA) cycle under mild hydrothermal conditions. Sammox-driven prebiotic proto-anabolic networks (SPPN) include esterification, reductive amination, pyrrole synthesis, and peptides synthesis, in one geochemical setting. There are no side-reactions that could disrupt the prebiotic, incomplete rTCA cycle, which exhibits the natural high specificity of SPPN. Iron-sulfur (FeS) minerals, as the proto-catalysts, enhanced the efficiency of SPPN. This corresponds with the fact that enzymes with Fe-S reactive centers are the most ancient. Thiols/thioesters were used as the energy currency in non-enzymatic phosphate-independent metabolism and accelerated SPPN. Peptides that consisted of 15 proteinogenic amino acids were the end products of SPPN with bicarbonate as the only source of carbon. Most peptides shared high similarity with the truly minimal protein content (TMPC) of the last universal common ancestor (LUCA). The peptides and/or proteinogenic amino acids might have endowed SPPN with autocatalysis and homochirality. Thus, Sammox drove the coupling transformation of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and/or iron simultaneously in the far-from-equilibrium environment, thereby initiating the emergence of biochemistry." @default.
• W3024239448 created "2020-05-21" @default.
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• W3024239448 date "2020-05-16" @default.
• W3024239448 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W3024239448 title "Sulfur reduction coupled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation drove prebiotic proto-anabolic networks" @default.
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