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- W3024716627 abstract "Our understanding of animal mating systems has been considerably enhanced in recent years by the development of molecular methods to reliably assay female multiple mating (polyandry). These techniques have demonstrated that polyandry is widespread across animal groups, even in species thought to be strictly monogamous and pair-bonded. The research that has arisen from this paradigm shift has shown that females can gain substantial material benefits from mating with multiple males, in terms of increased fecundity, infanticide avoidance and sperm replenishment. Polyandry can also provide indirect or genetic benefits to females, increasing the likelihood that they will mate with at least one compatible or high-quality male. By mating multiply females can also increase the genetic diversity of their offspring, which may be advantageous in changeable environments. Importantly polyandry has demonstrated that mating systems extend beyond copulation and sexual selection occurs not just over mates but also over their gametes. Key Concepts Recent developments in molecular ecology have allowed researchers to rapidly and easily test whether multiple fathers sire female offspring. Multiple mating by females (polyandry) is now known to be widespread across taxa. While mating can be costly, polyandry has been shown to provide substantial benefits to females. Direct, or material benefits of polyandry increase female offspring production, for instance by providing females with additional resources in nuptial gifts or seminal fluids. Indirect, or genetic benefits of polyandry arise when multiple mating increases the chances that a female mates with at least one compatible or high-quality male. Polyandry can also increase offspring genetic diversity, and this can be beneficial in unstable or harsh environments, increasing the chances that at least some offspring will survive. Polyandry means that sexual selection continues after mating, males compete not only for mates but also their gametes (post-copulatory sexual selection). Post-copulatory sexual selection can render certain male traits beneficial, which can alter the costs and benefits of polyandry for females and change the optimal female mating rate. As a result of the realisation that polyandry is widespread, mating systems research now integrates formerly unappreciated concepts such as sperm competition, cryptic female choice and co-evolutionary feedbacks between male and female mating strategies." @default.
- W3024716627 created "2020-05-21" @default.
- W3024716627 creator A5075835532 @default.
- W3024716627 date "2020-05-16" @default.
- W3024716627 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W3024716627 title "Polyandry and Mating System Evolution" @default.
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- W3024716627 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470015902.a0029005" @default.
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