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• W3029052314 abstract "Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is regarded as the main etiological risk factor in the process of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as it promotes an immunosuppressive microenvironment that is partially mediated by the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) signaling pathway. The tumor microenvironment (TME) of HBV-related HCC is indeed more immunosuppressive than microenvironments not associated with viruses. And compared to TME in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected HCC, TME of HBV-related HCC is less vascularized and presents different immune components resulting in similar immunosuppression. However, few studies are focusing on the specific side effects and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy in HBV-related HCC patients, as well as on the underlying mechanism. Herein, we reviewed the basic research focusing on potential TME alteration caused by HBV infection, especially in HCC patients. Moreover, we reviewed PD-1/PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy clinical trials to clarify the safety and efficacy of this newly developed treatment in the particular circumstances of HBV infection. We found that patients with HBV-related HCC displayed an acceptable safety profile similar to those of non-infected HCC patients. However, we could not determine the antiviral activity of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade because standard anti-viral therapies were conducted in all of the current clinical trials, which made it difficult to distinguish the potential influence of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade on HBV infection. Generally, the objective response rates (ORRs) of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy did not differ significantly between virus-positive and virus-negative patients, except that disease control rates (DCRs) were obviously lower in HBV-infected HCC patients." @default.
• W3029052314 created "2020-06-05" @default.
• W3029052314 creator A5010899234 @default.
• W3029052314 creator A5024702393 @default.
• W3029052314 creator A5029695887 @default.
• W3029052314 creator A5033885627 @default.
• W3029052314 creator A5036059897 @default.
• W3029052314 creator A5039920014 @default.
• W3029052314 creator A5046579422 @default.
• W3029052314 creator A5053979421 @default.
• W3029052314 creator A5057053535 @default.
• W3029052314 creator A5065062457 @default.
• W3029052314 creator A5070822759 @default.
• W3029052314 creator A5082184012 @default.
• W3029052314 date "2020-05-28" @default.
• W3029052314 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W3029052314 title "Anti–PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade Immunotherapy Employed in Treating Hepatitis B Virus Infection–Related Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Literature Review" @default.
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