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• W3033442955 abstract "Abstract Spinosauridae, a theropod group characterized by elongated snouts, conical teeth, enlarged forelimbs, and often elongated neural spines, show evidence for semiaquatic adaptations and piscivory. It is currently debated if these animals represent terrestrial carnivores with adaptations for a piscivorous diet, or if they largely lived and foraged in aquatic habitats. The holotype of Irritator challengeri , a nearly complete skull from the late Early Cretaceous Santana Formation of northeastern Brazil, includes one of the few preserved spinosaurid braincases and can provide insights into neuroanatomical structures that might be expected to reflect ecological affinities. We generated digital models of the neuroanatomical cavities within the braincase, using computer tomography (CT) data. The cranial endocast of Irritator is generally similar to that of other non-maniraptoriform theropods, with weakly developed distinctions of hindbrain and midbrain features, relatively pronounced cranial flexures and relatively long olfactory tracts. The endosseous labyrinth has a long anterior semicircular canal, a posteriorly inclined common crus and a very large floccular recess fills the area between the semicircular canals. These features indicate that Irritator had the ability for fast and well-controlled pitch-down head movements. The skull table and lateral semicircular canal plane are strongly angled to one another, suggesting a downward angling of approximately 45° of the snout, which reduces interference of the snout with the field of vision of Irritator . These neuroanatomical features are consistent with fast, downward snatching movements in the act of predation, such as are needed for piscivory." @default.
• W3033442955 created "2020-06-12" @default.
• W3033442955 creator A5040752377 @default.
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• W3033442955 date "2020-06-09" @default.
• W3033442955 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W3033442955 title "Neuroanatomy of the spinosaurid Irritator challengeri (Dinosauria: Theropoda) indicates potential adaptations for piscivory" @default.
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• W3033442955 doi "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-66261-w" @default.
• W3033442955 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7283278" @default.
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• W3033442955 hasPublicationYear "2020" @default.
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