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• W3033662608 abstract "Background:Bilingualism is increasingly recognized as protective in persons at risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective:Compare MRI measured brain volumes in matched bilinguals versus monolinguals with AD. Methods:This IRB approved study analyzed T1 volumetric brain MRIs of patients with criter ia-supported Probable AD. We identified 17 sequential bilinguals (any native language) with Probable AD, matched to 28 (62%) monolinguals on age and MMSE. Brain volumes were quantified with Neuroreader. Regional volumes as fraction of total intracranial volume (TIV) were compared between both groups, and Cohen’s D effect sizes were calculated for statistically significant structures. Partial correlations between bilingualism and brain volumes adjusted for age, gender, and TIV. Results:Bilinguals had higher brain volumes in 37 structures. Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was observed in brainstem (t = 2.33, p = 0.02, Cohen’s D = 0.71) and ventral diencephalon (t = 3.01, p = 0.004, Cohen’s D = 0.91). Partial correlations showed statistical significance between bilingualism and larger volumes in brainstem (rp = 0 . 37, p = 0.01), thalamus (rp = 0.31, p = 0.04), ventral diencephalon (rp = 0.50, p = 0.001), and pallidum (rp = 0.38, p = 0.01). Bilingualism positively correlated with hippocampal volume, though not statistically significant (rp = 0.17, p = 0.26). No brain volumes were larger in monolinguals. Conclusion:Bilinguals demonstrated larger thalamic, ventral diencephalon, and brainstem volumes compared to matched monolinguals with AD. This may represent a neural substrate for increased cognitive reserve in bilingualism. Future studies should extrapolate this finding into cognitively normal persons at risk for AD." @default.
• W3033662608 created "2020-06-12" @default.
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• W3033662608 date "2020-06-30" @default.
• W3033662608 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W3033662608 title "Brain Structure in Bilingual Compared to Monolingual Individuals with Alzheimer’s Disease: Proof of Concept" @default.
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• W3033662608 doi "https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-200200" @default.
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