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• W3037564504 abstract "In recent years, data have become part and parcel of contemporary capitalism. This has created tensions between the growing demand for personal data and the fundamental right to data protection. Against this background, the EU's adoption of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in 2016 is puzzling. Why did the EU adopt a regulation that strengthens data protection despite intensive lobbying by powerful business groups and the EU's supposed neoliberal bias? We make two arguments to explain this outcome. First, we use process tracing to show how issue-specific institutions played a crucial role during the agenda-setting stage (1990s–2009) and policy formulation stage (2009–2012). They triggered and structured the drafting process by strengthening the position of data protection advocates within the European Commission. Second, we use discourse network analysis to show that the Snowden revelations of 2013 fundamentally changed the discursive and coalitional dynamics during the decision-making stage (2012–2016). The salience shock it produced “saved” the GDPR from being watered down, by incentivizing policymakers to distance themselves from business interests and by exposing the geo-economic dimension of data protection. This article thus offers a comprehensive explanation of the GDPR, while contributing to the literature on the political economy of data protection. 近年来, 数据已成为当代资本主义的重要部分。这使得个人数据需求的不断上涨和数据保护基本法之间产生了摩擦。以此为背景, 欧盟在2016年采纳的《通用数据保护条例》(GDPR)令人困惑。为何欧盟在采纳一项加强数据保护的条例时仍然允许强大的商业集团进行游说, 以及欧盟所谓的新自由主义偏见?我们提出两项论证以解释这一结果。首先我们使用过程追踪来展示特定议题制度如何在议程设置期间(1990年至2009年)和政策制定期间(2009年至2012年)发挥关键作用。这些制度通过加强数据保护倡导者在欧盟委员会中的地位, 进而触发并建构了草案过程。其次, 我们使用话语网络分析显示, 2013年斯诺登泄密事件从根本上改变了决策期间(2012年至2016年)的话语动态和联盟动态。该事件产生的强烈冲击通过刺激决策者远离商业利益并暴露数据保护的地理-经济维度, 让GDPR“免于”被反对。因此本文对GDPR进行一项全方位解释, 并对有关数据保护的政治经济文献作贡献。 En los últimos años, los datos se han convertido en parte integrante del capitalismo contemporáneo. Esto ha creado tensiones entre la creciente demanda de datos personales y el derecho fundamental a la protección de datos. En este contexto, la adopción por parte de la UE del Reglamento General de Protección de Datos (GDPR) en 2016 es desconcertante. ¿Por qué la UE adoptó una regulación que fortalece la protección de datos a pesar del cabildeo intenso por parte de poderosos grupos empresariales y el supuesto sesgo neoliberal de la UE? Hacemos dos argumentos para explicar este resultado. Primero, utilizamos el rastreo de procesos para mostrar cómo las instituciones de temas específicos desempeñaron un papel crucial durante la etapa de establecimiento de la agenda (1990- 2009) y la etapa de formulación de políticas (2009-2012). Activaron y estructuraron el proceso de redacción al fortalecer la posición de los defensores de la protección de datos dentro de la Comisión Europea. En segundo lugar, utilizamos el análisis de la red del discurso para mostrar que las revelaciones de Snowden de 2013 cambiaron fundamentalmente la dinámica discursiva y de coalición durante la etapa de toma de decisiones (2012-2016). El sobresalto que produjo salvó al GDPR de ser diluido, al incentivar a los políticos a distanciarse de los intereses comerciales y al exponer la dimensión geoeconómica de la protección de datos. Por lo tanto, este artículo ofrece una explicación completa del GDPR, al tiempo que contribuye a la literatura sobre la economía política de la protección de datos. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article." @default.
• W3037564504 created "2020-07-02" @default.
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• W3037564504 date "2020-06-25" @default.
• W3037564504 modified "2023-10-06" @default.
• W3037564504 title "Regulating the European Data‐Driven Economy: A Case Study on the General Data Protection Regulation" @default.
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• W3037564504 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/poi3.246" @default.
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