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• W30385973 abstract "There has been a considerable debate among historians concerning the role of the Holocaust in the American collective memory. Since the watershed year 1993, when the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum opened its doors on the Mall in Washington, DC, and the film Schindler's List debuted, the level of awareness of the Holocaust in the public mind has been at an all-time high in the United States. The question at the heart of this academic discussion is how Americans have come to identify so strongly with an experience that occurred over sixty years ago, on foreign shores, to a group of people to which most Americans have no obvious connection. This being the case, the question has been asked whether the Holocaust can be part of the American collective memory at all. (1) This essay will contend that incorporation of the Holocaust into American consciousness has indeed taken place, albeit decades after the event, and that, furthermore, the religious belief system of the majority of Americans has played a central role in this development. Although the last decade has witnessed an increase in secularization, the United States is still a nation in which over three quarters of the citizens identify themselves as Christians while just over one percent identify themselves as Jewish. (2) Although there were many non-Jewish victims of the murderous Nazi campaigns, the fact remains that the vast majority of those marked for deportation and death were targeted solely because they were identified as Jews by the Nazi state. (3) Rather than addressing the significance of the Holocaust to the Jewish minority in America, this work will seek to explain the way in which this event has been woven into a Christian metanarrative in American public life. It will examine how it has been appropriated from its context as a Jewish catastrophe perpetrated by Christians and reconstituted as a saga of Christian heroism and a test of true Christianity. Through critical analysis of the use of metaphor and imagery in Holocaust representation, it will examine the functions of this approach as both a theodicy and as an agent of triumphalism. History is different from collective memory. The very basis of collective memory is the ideological agenda, the common point of view that binds together the group. The goal of collective memory is not objective scrutiny of the past but reinforcement of an existing belief system. It necessarily relies on a mythology that validates group identity and explains common experiences. (4) Sometimes this mythology is rooted in truth, and sometimes it is counterfactual. Collective memory is essentially ahistorical. In contrast, history is the product of scholarly comparison of collective memory with factual evidence. It detaches the myth from the event and endeavors to construct an impartial narrative. (5) Collective memory manifests itself in various forms of public expression. Film, literature, and museum exhibitions all articulate the agenda of a cultural viewpoint through representational choices of both inclusion and exclusion. However, the act of representation involves two interpreters, a creator and a viewer. While the creator may intend to convey a particular narrative, the viewer is free to dismiss or emphasize selectively aspects of this narrative in accordance with his own worldview. This essay will examine how both interpretive parties have contributed to a prevalent undercurrent of Christian thought in American Holocaust memory. It will assert that the ironic cost of incorporating remembrance of the destruction of the Jews of Europe into the cultural consciousness of an essentially Christian nation is that the historicity of the event has become increasingly relegated to the confines of academic circles and alienated from the public realm of the American collective memory. For a nation in which the majority of citizens are at least nominally Christian, the Holocaust frequently functions as an illustration of the human relationship with God. …" @default.
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• W30385973 date "2005-09-22" @default.
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• W30385973 title "Redemptive Memory: The Christianization of the Holocaust in America" @default.
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