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• W3039540404 abstract "Bayne et al. (2020) [ 1. Bayne T. et al. Are there islands of awareness?. Trends Neurosci. 2020; 43: 6-16 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (19) Google Scholar ] envision the fascinating possibility that disconnected hemispheres (through hemispherotomy), ex cranio brains, and cerebral organoids may be islands of awareness (IOAs). They defined IOAs as systems fully disconnected from the external surrounding, both in terms of input (i.e., sensory information) and output (i.e., motor responses), yet capable of conscious experience (i.e., aware). In order to test whether these islands are effectively aware, the authors propose to use measures of human/animal consciousness that have been well validated in human/animal settings by correlation with pretheoretical measures of consciousness (e.g., behavioural reports) or subjective reports (in the case of humans). In particular, Bayne et al. [ 1. Bayne T. et al. Are there islands of awareness?. Trends Neurosci. 2020; 43: 6-16 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (19) Google Scholar ] mention: (i) measures of dynamical complexity, capturing both integration and differentiation of the detected brain signal, such as the perturbational complexity index (PCI); and (ii) measures of algorithm complexity of EEG (i.e., entropy measures), quantifying the randomness of brain dynamics and capturing mainly the differentiation of the recorded brain activity. Two questions come to mind: one of a theoretical and one of a methodological kind. (i) Can subjective experience be collapsed to a 1D entity (i.e., a certain measure of cortical complexity)? (ii) If we accept such reduction, can measures validated in one context generalize to different species and neural systems? Are There Islands of Awareness?Bayne et al.Trends in NeurosciencesDecember 10, 2019In BriefOrdinary human experience is embedded in a web of causal relations that link the brain to the body and the wider environment. However, there might be conditions in which brain activity supports consciousness even when that activity is fully causally isolated from the body and its environment. Such cases would involve what we call islands of awareness: conscious states that are neither shaped by sensory input nor able to be expressed by motor output. This Opinion paper considers conditions in which such islands might occur, including ex cranio brains, hemispherotomy, and in cerebral organoids. Full-Text PDF Open Access" @default.
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• W3039540404 date "2020-08-01" @default.
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• W3039540404 title "Islands of Awareness or Cortical Complexity?" @default.
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• W3039540404 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2020.05.007" @default.
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