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• W304313392 abstract "The Sephardi Jewish community in Smyrna was founded in the second half of the sixteenth century.1 The first settlers were Jews from Tire and Manissa in Anatolia, but the majority came from Salonika in the wake of an economic slump. Smyrna was gaining prominence as a business centre for traders from Europe, especially England, a fact which encouraged the influx of Jews to the city and offered scope to their initiative. During the seventeenth century their numbers increased because of emigration from Anatolia, the Balkans, Leghorn, Bordeaux and Amsterdam, including Marranos from Portugal.2 The estimates given by European travellers for the number of Jews testifies to an increase during the seventeenth century. A French dealer in jewellery, named Tavernir, who visited the Middle East six times between 1631 and 1670, writes that the Jewish population numbered 6000-7000 out of a total of 90,000, or about 8 per cent. Some years later, in 1676, a figure of 12,000-15,000 is given, out of a total of 55,000. Their percentage as part of the total population thus increased to about 20 per cent.3 Their number later diminished as the result of an earthquake and a fire in July 1688, from which Jews, as well as other ethnic groups, suffered. La Motraye, a French traveller who visited it in 1699, counted 1500 Jews out of a total of 24,000 or about 6 per cent of the whole population. A similar estimate is given by Tournefort, who visited Smyrna three years later. He speaks about 1800 Jews out of 27,000, or roughly 6.5 per cent of the total. During the eighteenth century the community managed to regain its strength, and more Jews arrived. Their number was then estimated again at between 6000 and 12,000, or 5 to 12 per cent of the total population.4 In the 1780s more than 100,000 people lived in Smyrna: Moslems, Greeks, Armen? ians and Europeans, but the percentage of the Jews is apparently lower than before. A. Hayes, Consul of Great Britain in Smyrna (1762-94), reported that there are 140,000 residents, including 30,000 Greeks, 45,000 Armenians and 7500 Jews.5 Despite their small number in comparison to the Moslem majority, the Jews played an important role in the economic life of the Ottoman Empire in general, and in Smyrna especially. Both Jewish and external sources mention the economic activities of the Jews in Smyrna and their part in local and international trade, from the middle" @default.
• W304313392 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W304313392 creator A5052309043 @default.
• W304313392 date "2016-01-01" @default.
• W304313392 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W304313392 title "Contacts between Jews in Smyrna and the Levant Company of London in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries" @default.
• W304313392 hasPublicationYear "2016" @default.
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