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• W3043670318 abstract "With this month's issue, GCB Bioenergy unveils its new journal masthead: Global Change Biology—Bioenergy Bioproducts for a Sustainable Bioeconomy. At the end of April, you would have been paid to receive a barrel of oil, and futures suggest that prices are unlikely to rise above $50/barrel for the next 2 years. Purely for near-term economics, there is no incentive to pursue biofuels. Does this mean renewable bioenergy and bioproducts need to drop from the agenda? Absolutely not! There is a reason why our journal title begins with, “Global Change Biology.” The Paris Accord was a watershed international agreement to prevent warming of the globe exceeding 2°C. If not obtained, then flooding of low lying major cities, disruption of food supply, and large increases in the incidence of forest fires, among other calamities, become inevitable. Global change is not just climatic and atmospheric change but also other pervasive effects on Earth's environment, such as plastics in our rivers and oceans, and continued accumulation of non-degradable wastes (Duncan et al., 2019, Machado et al., 2018). Low-carbon renewable fuels and bioproducts are a key part of the solution, and one which consumers, especially young consumers, are demanding (Thackeray et al., 2020). And, as the effects of global change become ever-more evident, this demand can only grow, as businesses respond with or without government support or legislation. Longer term, electric vehicles promise a means to reduce the carbon footprint of the light vehicle fleet; however, the assumption that they will be carbon neutral can only be true once electricity generation from coal, oil, and natural gas ceases (Shafiei, Davidsdottir, Leaver, Stefansson, & Asgeirsson, 2017). Here, energy produced from biomass can play a large role, and also be carbon negative when combined with carbon capture and storage (Albanito et al., 2019). There is great potential in the short term to expand sugarcane ethanol production, providing an 85% well-to-wheel improvement in net carbon emissions over gasoline (Jaiswal et al., 2019). A greater challenge is in replacing liquid fuel use where electrification is unlikely: long distance trucking and aviation. Technologies exist and are progressing for effective conversion of vegetable oils to biodiesel and jet fuel. At present, the challenge is obtaining sufficient vegetable oil per unit land area, without impacting food oil supplies or driving deforestation in the tropics. Algal systems and the bioengineering of highly productive crops, such as sugarcane and sweet sorghum to accumulate oils, provide such solutions (Kumar, Long, & Singh, 2018; Parajuli et al., 2020). Upgrading oils derived from pyrolysis of biomass have also progressed in meeting this need (Sorunmu et al., 2020). An added benefit of producing biofuel by this route is the byproduct, biochar. Biochar when used as a soil amendment delivers both long-term carbon sequestration and improved fertility (Sarauer, Page-Dumroese, & Coleman, 2019). Low-carbon renewable bioenergy is only a part of the equation. Many of today's consumer products are derived from fossil oil resulting in emissions in their production and disposal, and often adding to global pollution (Duncan et al., 2019, Machado et al., 2018). Here, plant-derived bioproducts have the potential to replace all of today's fossil oil-derived plastics, fabrics, rubber, lubricants and multiple other green chemicals (Gosch, Magnusson, Paul, & De Nys, 2012; Juneja & Singh, 2020). Already, many companies are exploring the business potential of using plants to make biodegradable and compostable plastics while an increasing number of countries are banning or taxing single-use plastics. Bioproducts that can substitute for nonrenewable sources, for example in construction, similarly make a large difference to net emissions, while providing a long-term carbon store (Smyth, Rampley, Lempriere, Schwab, & Kurz, 2017). Key to guiding the transition to a bio-based economy are life cycle assessments and techno-economic analyses that can quantify both the gain a technology represents in terms of reduced greenhouse gas emissions, as well as its technical and economic feasibility, and how all of these fit with policy and legal frameworks (Jiang, Zipp, Langholtz, & Jacobson, 2019, Kumar et al., 2018, Norton et al., 2019, Sorunmu et al., 2020). Bioproducts and a sustainable bioeconomy have been a part of the mission of GCB Bioenergy from day one, but today we are giving this renewed emphasis in our new journal masthead—Global Change Biology—Bioenergy Bioproducts for a Sustainable Bioeconomy. The heady days of the early 2000s when bioenergy may have seemed the solution to soaring oil prices and global change are over. None of these will be instant. Realistically, developing the technologies and scaling will likely require two decades, but GCB Bioenergy is at the forefront in supporting that progress. The tremendous learnings from the bio-based research and development that this stimulated are captured in the comprehensive analysis of “Green Energy to Sustainability” (Vertes, Quresh, Blaschek, & Yukawa, 2020). This all contributes to a more enlightened approach to using plants and algae to address societies’ urgent need to address net emissions and keep global warming within the Paris Accord." @default.
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• W3043670318 date "2020-07-01" @default.
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• W3043670318 title "Bioenergy—The slope of enlightenment" @default.
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• W3043670318 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12698" @default.
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