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- W3044174969 endingPage "1495" @default.
- W3044174969 startingPage "1448" @default.
- W3044174969 abstract "While neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are highly heritable, several environmental risk factors have also been suggested. However, the role of familial confounding is unclear. To shed more light on this, we reviewed the evidence from twin and sibling studies. A systematic review was performed on case control and cohort studies including a twin or sibling within-pair comparison of neurodevelopmental outcomes, with environmental exposures until the sixth birthday. From 7,315 screened abstracts, 140 eligible articles were identified. After adjustment for familial confounding advanced paternal age, low birth weight, birth defects, and perinatal hypoxia and respiratory stress were associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and low birth weight, gestational age and family income were associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), categorically and dimensionally. Several previously suspected factors, including pregnancy-related factors, were deemed due to familial confounding. Most studies were conducted in North America and Scandinavia, pointing to a global research bias. Moreover, most studies focused on ASD and ADHD. This genetically informed review showed evidence for a range of environmental factors of potential casual significance in NDDs, but also points to a critical need of more genetically informed studies of good quality in the quest of the environmental causes of NDDs." @default.
- W3044174969 created "2020-07-29" @default.
- W3044174969 creator A5008009897 @default.
- W3044174969 creator A5012256082 @default.
- W3044174969 creator A5023837299 @default.
- W3044174969 creator A5027929452 @default.
- W3044174969 creator A5054839489 @default.
- W3044174969 date "2020-07-24" @default.
- W3044174969 modified "2023-10-11" @default.
- W3044174969 title "Early environmental risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders – a systematic review of twin and sibling studies" @default.
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