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- W3048376937 abstract "The sexually transmitted microbes (STMs) (see Glossary) comprising the reproductive microbiomes of their hosts can potentially influence the evolution of their host’s reproductive strategies, sexual selection [ 1. Lombardo M.P. et al. The beneficial sexually transmitted microbe hypothesis of avian copulation. Behav. Ecol. 1999; 10: 333-337 Crossref Scopus (49) Google Scholar ], and speciation [ 2. Rowe M. et al. The reproductive microbiome: an emerging driver of sexual selection, sexual conflict, mating systems, and reproductive isolation. Trends Ecol. Evol. 2020; 35: 220-234 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (36) Google Scholar ]. Reproductive microbiomes may contain both parasites [e.g., pathogenic sexually transmitted microbes (pSTMs)] that cause sexually transmitted infections harming their hosts and mutualists [e.g., beneficial sexually transmitted microbes (bSTMs)] that benefit their hosts [ 1. Lombardo M.P. et al. The beneficial sexually transmitted microbe hypothesis of avian copulation. Behav. Ecol. 1999; 10: 333-337 Crossref Scopus (49) Google Scholar ]. In a recent paper, Rowe et al. discussed some of the potential evolutionary consequences of bSTMs to hosts [ 2. Rowe M. et al. The reproductive microbiome: an emerging driver of sexual selection, sexual conflict, mating systems, and reproductive isolation. Trends Ecol. Evol. 2020; 35: 220-234 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (36) Google Scholar ]. Their review is timely because of our increasing realization that an organism’s microbiome may significantly affect its physiology, development, and behavior [ 3. Rosenberg E. Zilber-Rosenberg I. Microbes drive evolution of animals and plants: the hologenome concept. mBio. 2016; 7e01395 Crossref PubMed Scopus (218) Google Scholar , 4. Parfrey L.W. et al. Introduction: The host-associated microbiome: pattern, process and function. Mol. Ecol. 2018; 27: 1749-1765 Crossref PubMed Scopus (26) Google Scholar , 5. Archie E.A. Theis K.R. Animal behaviour meets microbial ecology. Anim. Behav. 2011; 82: 425-436 Crossref Scopus (181) Google Scholar , 6. Ezenwa V.O. et al. Animal behavior and the microbiome. Science. 2012; 338: 198-199 Crossref PubMed Scopus (294) Google Scholar ]. Although we originally introduced ideas about the potential for bSTMs to influence reproductive behavior over 20 years ago [ 1. Lombardo M.P. et al. The beneficial sexually transmitted microbe hypothesis of avian copulation. Behav. Ecol. 1999; 10: 333-337 Crossref Scopus (49) Google Scholar ], Rowe et al. seem to be unaware of them. Our bSTM hypothesis of copulation may explain why female birds either copulate repeatedly with a single mate or with multiple partners when only a single copulation may be sufficient to fertilize an entire clutch. We hypothesized that females may directly benefit from high frequencies of copulation and multiple copulation partners if they are inoculated with bSTMs that function as therapy against current infection or as ‘vaccination’ against future infection. Our hypothesis focused on birds but may apply to other animals. microbes transmitted between mating partners that can benefit the recipient as either ‘vaccination’ against future encounters with pathogens and/or as ‘treatment’ for current infections. Inoculations with bSTMs do not cause ‘infections’ in recipients as do sexually transmitted infections because bSTMs are not pathogens [6.Ezenwa V.O. et al.Animal behavior and the microbiome.Science. 2012; 338: 198-199Crossref PubMed Scopus (294) Google Scholar]. the sum total of all of the microbes (bacteria, fungi, Protista, and viruses) that live in or on a host organism. microbes transmitted between mating partners that can cause sexually transmitted infections. the microbiome of the reproductive tracts of hosts [1.Lombardo M.P. et al.The beneficial sexually transmitted microbe hypothesis of avian copulation.Behav. Ecol. 1999; 10: 333-337Crossref Scopus (49) Google Scholar]. microbes transmitted from the reproductive tract of one partner to the reproductive tract of the other during copulation [6.Ezenwa V.O. et al.Animal behavior and the microbiome.Science. 2012; 338: 198-199Crossref PubMed Scopus (294) Google Scholar]." @default.
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- W3048376937 date "2020-11-01" @default.
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- W3048376937 title "Reinoculation of Ideas about the Benefits of Copulation: Reply to Rowe et al." @default.
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- W3048376937 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2020.07.008" @default.
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