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- W3048571821 endingPage "e1008414" @default.
- W3048571821 startingPage "e1008414" @default.
- W3048571821 abstract "The host innate immune system has developed elegant processes for the detection and clearance of invasive fungal pathogens. These strategies may also aid in the spread of pathogens in vivo, although technical limitations have previously hindered our ability to view the host innate immune and endothelial cells to probe their roles in spreading disease. Here, we have leveraged zebrafish larvae as a model to view the interactions of these host processes with the fungal pathogen Candida albicans in vivo. We examined three potential host-mediated mechanisms of fungal spread: movement inside phagocytes in a Trojan Horse mechanism, inflammation-assisted spread, and endothelial barrier passage. Utilizing both chemical and genetic tools, we systematically tested the loss of neutrophils and macrophages and the loss of blood flow on yeast cell spread. Both neutrophils and macrophages respond to yeast-locked and wild type C. albicans in our model and time-lapse imaging revealed that macrophages can support yeast spread in a Trojan Horse mechanism. Surprisingly, loss of immune cells or inflammation does not alter dissemination dynamics. On the other hand, when blood flow is blocked, yeast can cross into blood vessels but they are limited in how far they travel. Blockade of both phagocytes and circulation reduces rates of dissemination and significantly limits the distance of fungal spread from the infection site. Together, this data suggests a redundant two-step process whereby (1) yeast cross the endothelium inside phagocytes or via direct uptake, and then (2) they utilize blood flow or phagocytes to travel to distant sites." @default.
- W3048571821 created "2020-08-18" @default.
- W3048571821 creator A5006376956 @default.
- W3048571821 creator A5034964866 @default.
- W3048571821 creator A5039445109 @default.
- W3048571821 creator A5063426291 @default.
- W3048571821 creator A5066156984 @default.
- W3048571821 creator A5075140929 @default.
- W3048571821 date "2020-08-10" @default.
- W3048571821 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W3048571821 title "Redundant Trojan horse and endothelial-circulatory mechanisms for host-mediated spread of Candida albicans yeast" @default.
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- W3048571821 doi "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008414" @default.