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- W3048658462 abstract "We prove the converse to a result of Karlin [Trans. AMS 1964], and also strengthen his result and two results of Schoenberg [Ann. of Math. 1955]. One of the latter results concerns zeros of Laplace transforms of multiply positive functions. The other results study which powers $alpha$ of two specific kernels are totally non-negative of order $pgeq 2$ (denoted TN$_p$); both authors showed this happens for $alphageq p-2$, and Schoenberg proved that it does not for $alpha p-2$, and is not TN$_p$ for every $alphain(0,p-2)setminusmathbb{Z}$. In particular, these results reveal a 'critical exponent' phenomenon in total positivity. (This exponent $(p-2)$ was first discovered by FitzGerald-Horn in [JMAA 1977] for positivity.) We also provide a characterization for Polya frequency functions of order $p geq 3$, following Schoenberg's result for $p=2$ in [J. Analyse Math. 1951]. Our proofs are self-contained, with three exceptions. We further classify the powers preserving all TN$_p$ Hankel kernels on intervals, and isolate individual kernels encoding these powers. We then transfer results on preservers by Polya-Szego (1925), Loewner/Horn (1969), and Khare-Tao (2017), from positive semidefinite matrices to Hankel TN$_p$ kernels. An additional application of the proofs is to construct individual matrices that encode the Loewner convex powers. This complements Jain's results (2020) for Loewner positivity, which we strengthen to total positivity, with self-contained proofs. Remarkably, these (strengthened) results of Jain, those of Schoenberg and Karlin, the latter's converse, and the aforementioned individual Hankel kernels all arise from a single symmetric rank-two kernel and its powers: $max(1+xy,0)$." @default.
- W3048658462 created "2020-08-18" @default.
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- W3048658462 date "2020-08-12" @default.
- W3048658462 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W3048658462 title "Critical exponents for total positivity, individual kernel encoders, and the Jain-Karlin-Schoenberg kernel." @default.
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