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• W3048806869 abstract "CCHFV is distributed over wide parts of Asia, South / Southeast Europe and the African continent. Although the virus was found in several tick species of different genera, Hyalomma ticks are considered to be the main vector and reservoir of the virus. While susceptible livestock and wildlife do not show clinical signs of illness, humans can develop severe Ebola-like hemorrhagic symptoms. Mauritania in West Africa is considered to be a high-endemic country for CCHFV because of several confirmed human case reports. Therefore, one of the main objectives of this thesis was to conduct detailed prevalence studies in both susceptible livestock and Hyalomma ticks, in order to obtain a better understanding of the current epidemiological situation and host-vector relationships in Mauritania. The first manuscript revealed a high CCHFV-IgG seroprevalence ranging from 15 to 81 % among the four most important Mauritanian livestock breeds and emphasized two risk factors (age and species) responsible for high prevalence. Future CCHFV prevalence studies should at least take into account the age of the surveyed animals to minimize misinterpretations. Based on this data Hyalomma ticks were collected from cattle and camel and screened for viral RNA to render the actual CCHFV prevalence in Mauritania. Thereby, correct identification of the vector species constituted a major aspect of this work and was ensured by different, novel established molecular discrimination approaches described in the second manuscript. For this purpose, six different Afrotropical and Palearctic Hyalomma species were differentiated genetically (CO1 sequencing, RFLP) and by molecular phenotyping (MALDI-TOF MS). By using MALDI-TOF MS, it was possible to distinguish all six Hyalomma species. RFLP and CO1 sequencing provided also reliable results and allowed a high sample throughput. Out of 1523 Hyalomma ticks collected from cattle and camels in Mauritania, 219 specimens were molecularly identified by RFLP and CO1 sequencing. Moreover, the PCR results of the third manuscript revealed a high CCHFV prevalence (2.56 %) in blood-fed Hyalomma ticks, whereas H. rufipes showed significantly higher CCHF infection rates compared to H. dromedarii and H. impeltatum. Moreover, the sequencing of positive ticks demonstrated that two different genotypes (Africa I and III) were circulating in the examined herds, which is consistent with previous isolated strains. In summary, this thesis provides a comprehensive up-to-date overview of the current CCHFV distribution in susceptible host and vector species in Mauritania. The acquired data should contribute for a better understanding of the complex and obscure epidemiological situation of the virus in Sub-Saharan Africa." @default.
• W3048806869 created "2020-08-18" @default.
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• W3048806869 date "2020-01-01" @default.
• W3048806869 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W3048806869 title "Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus (CCHFV) : surveillance studies among different livestock in sub-Saharan Africa and the molecular characterization of Hyalomma ticks serving as main reservoir and vector" @default.
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