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- W3048893743 abstract "Plesiosaurs (Sauropterygia) are a highly successful group of aquatically adapted reptiles that inhabited all of the world’s epicontinental seas and oceans from the Late Triassic through latest Cretaceous; that is, for ap-proximately 135 million years. The debate on plesiosaur locomotion and neck mobility has been ongoing for almost 200 years, and long-necked (plesiosauromorph) forms have generally been portrayed with slender and highly flexi-ble necks. The aim of this study is to: (1) quantitatively and qualitatively examine factors that potentially could determine neck mobility in plesiosaurs and their ancestors; (2) investigate if there is any correlation between neck length and type of locomotion; and (3) integrate these two aspects into a discussion on how the plesiosaur neck could have affected their swimming performance. The results show that plesiosaurs probably swam with all four flippers (subaqueous flight) in a fashion somewhat similar to that of modern penguins and sea turtles. In addition, short-necked (pliosauromorph) plesiosaurs had relatively larger posterior girdle elements (particularly the coracoid and ischium) and longer hind flippers than long-necked forms, which indicates that neck length imposed functional and/or ecological constraints on the plesiosaur locomotory system. Higher mobility in the middle of the neck is marked by a profound increase in relative vertebral length. This feature evolved convergently in the plesiosaur fam-ilies Microcleididae and Elasmosauridae. The proximal neck region was less mobile, although the distalmost region might have been more rigid than previously assumed if ligaments and other soft tissues are accounted for. Several features of the neck vertebrae, e.g., the zygapophysial angle and dimensions of the neural spines, exhibit a hitherto unappreciated level of morphological variation with potentially interspecific functional implications that should be explored further. This thesis questions the idea of a thin and flexible neck by arguing that a comparatively thicker and stiffer neck would have been more advantageous from a combined locomotory, physical, metabolic and hydro-dynamic perspective. (Less)" @default.
- W3048893743 created "2020-08-18" @default.
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- W3048893743 date "2020-01-01" @default.
- W3048893743 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W3048893743 title "Neck mobility versus mode of locomotion – in what way did neck length affect swimming performance among Mesozoic plesiosaurs (Reptilia, Sauropterygia)?" @default.
- W3048893743 hasPublicationYear "2020" @default.
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