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• W3049550044 endingPage "141707" @default.
• W3049550044 startingPage "141707" @default.
• W3049550044 abstract "Ultraviolet (UV) filters are compounds utilized in many manufacturing processes and personal care products such as sunscreen to protect against UV-radiation. These highly lipophilic compounds are emerging contaminants of concern in aquatic environments due to their previously observed potential to bioaccumulate and exert toxic effects in marine ecosystems. Currently, research into the toxic effects of UV filter contamination of freshwater ecosystems is lacking, thus the present study sought to model the effects of acute and chronic developmental exposures to UV filters avobenzone, oxybenzone and octocrylene as well as a mixture of these substances in the freshwater invertebrate, Daphnia magna , at environmentally realistic concentrations. Median 48-hour effect and lethal concentrations were determined to be in the low mg/L range, with the exception of octocrylene causing 50% immobilization near environmental concentrations. 48-hour acute developmental exposures proved to behaviourally impair daphnid phototactic response; however, recovery was observed following a 19-day post-exposure period. Although no physiological disruptions were detected in acutely exposed daphnids, delayed mortality was observed up to seven days post-exposure at 200 μg/L of avobenzone and octocrylene. 21-day chronic exposure to 7.5 μg/L octocrylene yielded complete mortality within 7 days, while sublethal chronic exposure to avobenzone increased Daphnia reproductive output and decreased metabolic rate. 2 μg/L oxybenzone induced a 25% increase in metabolic rate of adult daphnids, and otherwise caused no toxic effects at this dose. These data indicate that UV filters can exert toxic effects in freshwater invertebrates, therefore further study is required. It is clear that the most well-studied UV filter, oxybenzone, may not be the most toxic to Daphnia , as both avobenzone and octocrylene induced behavioural and physiological disruption at environmentally realistic concentrations. • D. magna neonates were exposed to ultraviolet filters (UVFs) for 2 or 21 days. • 48-hour UVF exposure reduced survivorship and behaviourally impaired daphnids. • Chronic exposure to 7.5 μg/L octocrylene resulted in complete 7-day mortality. • Chronic exposure to avobenzone or oxybenzone disrupted daphnid metabolic rate. • UVFs exhibit toxicity to Daphnia at environmentally realistic concentrations." @default.
• W3049550044 created "2020-08-21" @default.
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• W3049550044 date "2021-01-01" @default.
• W3049550044 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W3049550044 title "A burning issue: The effect of organic ultraviolet filter exposure on the behaviour and physiology of Daphnia magna" @default.
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• W3049550044 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141707" @default.
• W3049550044 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33182172" @default.
• W3049550044 hasPublicationYear "2021" @default.
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