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• W305094705 abstract "A majority of our Michigan Supreme Court is committed to a textualist approach to judicial interpretation. In that regard, we are unique in the United States. For the past few years, our Court has been doing a good job of laying out sound principles of interpretation. Textualism is a reviled word in many circles. Some persons argue, and some of them occupy respected places in academia, that judges should employ a approach to interpretation, and thus play an active role in avoiding absurd results. Under such an approach, judges believe themselves empowered to look behind the words of the statute and divine the intentions of the Legislature. Advocacy of the dynamic approach calls to mind Plato's Republic, his treatise on the ideal state.1 To put it mildly, the platonic state was not a democracy.2 The people were to take their orders from enlightened philosopher-kings, who would give their followers constant and detailed direction.3 [A]nd even in the smallest manner . . . [one] should stand under leadership ... in a word, he should teach his soul, by long habit, never to dream of acting independently . . . and there will be no end to the troubles of states, or indeed ... of humanity itself, till philosophers become kings in this world . . . and power and philosophy thus come into the same hands.4 The society just described may be terribly efficient. No doubt, Iraq was in some respects a very efficient place before the ouster of Saddam Hussein.5 No one doubted who was running the show. And we know that his orders were backed up in the most brutal ways imaginable.6 it was not a democracy. It was not a place where individual freedom was possible. And neither is the world of philosopher -kings a democracy or a world that values freedom. This is my concern with the critics of textualism: an activist approach rests on an anti -democratic premise that judges just know better -that we are somehow smarter and wiser than the people we govern and serve -that we on the bench are the new philosopher -kings. The constant temptation in judging is to be expedient, to reach out and fix what appears to be wrong. 1 know that I was not elected as Chief justice of the Michigan Supreme Court to be a philosopher -king. The people of Michigan did not elect me because I am an outstanding ethicist or an expert on public policy. The people of Michigan most certainly did not elect me because I am all -knowing; if they wanted that, they should have elevated me to the bench when I was twenty-one! Like Ben Franklin, the older I get, the less I know. In his famous speech at the conclusion of the Constitutional Convention of 1787, Franklin began by saying: Mr. President, I confess, that I do not entirely approve of this Constitution at present; but, Sir, I am not sure I shall never approve it; for, having lived long, I have experienced many instances of being obliged, by better information or fuller consideration, to change my opinions even on important subjects, which I once thought right, but found to be otherwise. It is therefore that, the older I grow, the more apt I am to doubt my own judgment of others. Most men, indeed, as well as most sects in religion, think themselves in possession of all truth, and that wherever others differs from them, it is so far error. Steele, a Protestant, in a dedication, told the Pope, that the only difference between our churches in their opinions of the certainty of their doctrine, is, that the Romish Church is infallible and the Church of England is never in the wrong. But, though many private Persons think almost as highly of their own infallibility as that of their sect, few express it so naturally as a certain French lady, who, in a dispute with her sister, said, But I meet with nobody but myself that is always in the right.7 So much for Mr. Franklin's sage advice. the older I get, the more I have come to respect the opinion of justice Antonin Scalia, the father of modern textualism. …" @default.
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• W305094705 date "2004-04-01" @default.
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• W305094705 title "Textualism in Action: Judicial Restraint on the Michigan Supreme Court" @default.
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